01277nas a2200157 4500008004100000245009900041210006900140260001300209300001000222520076000232100002300992700002201015700002301037700002401060856003501084 2014 eng d00aInformation Measures of Complexity, Emergence, Self-organization, Homeostasis, and Autopoiesis0 aInformation Measures of Complexity Emergence Selforganization Ho bSpringer a19-513 a
This chapter reviews measures of emergence, self-organization, complexity, homeostasis, and autopoiesis based on information theory. These measures are derived from proposed axioms and tested in two case studies: random Boolean networks and an Arctic lake ecosystem. Emergence is defined as the information produced by a system or process. Self-organization is defined as the opposite of emergence, while complexity is defined as the balance between emergence and self-organization. Homeostasis reflects the stability of a system. Autopoiesis is defined as the ratio between the complexity of a system and the complexity of its environment. The proposed measures can be applied at different scales, which can be studied with multi-scale profiles.
1 aFernández, Nelson1 aMaldonado, Carlos1 aGershenson, Carlos1 aProkopenko, Mikhail uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1304.184200436nas a2200145 4500008004100000245002100041210002100062260002000083300001400103490000700117520008400124100002300208700002400231856003500255 2011 eng d00aComplex Networks0 aComplex Networks bMIT PresscFall a259–2610 v173 aIntroduction to the Special Issue on Complex Networks, Artificial Life journal.1 aGershenson, Carlos1 aProkopenko, Mikhail uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1104.553800941nas a2200157 4500008004100000245005900041210005700100260001300157300001200170520046800182100002200650700002300672700002300695700002400718856004100742 2007 eng d00aSelf-organizing traffic lights: A realistic simulation0 aSelforganizing traffic lights A realistic simulation bSpringer a41–493 aWe have previously shown in an abstract simulation (Gershenson, 2005) that self-organizing traffic lights can improve greatly traffic flow for any density. In this paper, we extend these results to a realistic setting, implementing self-organizing traffic lights in an advanced traffic simulator using real data from a Brussels avenue. On average, for different traffic densities, travel waiting times are reduced by 50% compared to the current green wave method.1 aCools, Seung, Bae1 aGershenson, Carlos1 aD'Hooghe}, Bart, {1 aProkopenko, Mikhail uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/nlin.AO/0610040