TY - CHAP T1 - Self-Organization and Artificial Life: A Review T2 - The 2018 Conference on Artificial Life: A Hybrid of the European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL) and the International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE) Y1 - 2018 A1 - Gershenson, Carlos A1 - Trianni, Vito A1 - Werfel, Justin A1 - Sayama, Hiroki ED - Takashi Ikegami ED - Nathaniel Virgo ED - Olaf Witkowski ED - Mizuki Oka ED - Reiji Suzuki ED - Hiroyuki Iizuka AB - Self-organization has been an important concept within a number of disciplines, which Artificial Life (ALife) also has heavily utilized since its inception. The term and its implications, however, are often confusing or misinterpreted. In this work, we provide a mini-review of self-organization and its relationship with ALife, aiming at initiating discussions on this important topic with the interested audience. We first articulate some fundamental aspects of self-organization, outline its usage, and review its applications to ALife within its soft, hard, and wet domains. We also provide perspectives for further research. JF - The 2018 Conference on Artificial Life: A Hybrid of the European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL) and the International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE) PB - MIT Press CY - Tokyo, Japan UR - https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/isal_a_00094 ER - TY - CHAP T1 - Self-organizing urban transportation systems T2 - Complexity Theories of Cities Have Come of Age: An Overview with Implications to Urban Planning and Design Y1 - 2012 A1 - Carlos Gershenson ED - Juval Portugali ED - Han Meyer ED - Egbert Stolk ED - Ekim Tan AB - Urban transportation is a complex phenomenon. Since many agents are constantly interacting in parallel, it is difficult to predict the future state of a transportation system. Because of this, optimization techniques tend to give obsolete solutions, as the problem changes before it can be optimized. An alternative lies in seeking adaptive solutions. This adaptation can be achieved with self-organization. In a self-organizing transportation system, the elements of the system follow local rules to achieve a global solution. Like this, when the problem changes the system can adapt by itself to the new configuration. In this chapter, I will review recent, current, and future work on self-organizing transportation systems. Self-organizing traffic lights have proven to improve traffic flow considerably over traditional methods. In public transportation systems, simple rules are being explored to prevent the "equal headway instability" phenomenon. The methods we have used can be also applied to other urban transportation systems and their generality is discussed. JF - Complexity Theories of Cities Have Come of Age: An Overview with Implications to Urban Planning and Design PB - Springer CY - Berlin Heidelberg UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/0912.1588 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Sistemas Dinámicos como Redes Computacionales de Agentes para la evaluación de sus Propiedades Emergentes. T2 - II Simposio Cient{\'ıfico y Tecnológico en Computación SCTC 2012 Y1 - 2012 A1 - Nelson Fernández A1 - José Aguilar A1 - Carlos Gershenson A1 - Oswaldo Terán JF - II Simposio Cient{\'ıfico y Tecnológico en Computación SCTC 2012 CY - Universidad Central de Venezuela ER -