Abstract: 'Receiver psychology' has been an important idea in the study of animal behaviour, by highlighting the role of psychological mechanisms in the evolution of communication. This paper reviews the progress made in understanding how avian psychology may be fundamental to signal evolution', by being an important selection pressure in the initial evolution of a signal and also in its subsequent exaggeration. The ways that birds detect, learn, and remember stimuli in the laboratory can be directly applied to how they perceive and respond to signals in the wild, and may explain the extravagant design of many avian signals.