-
Abstract: One of the cognitive processes responsible
for social propagation is social learning, broadly meant as the
process by means of which agents' acquisition of new information
is caused or favoured by their being exposed to one another in a
common environment. Social learning results from one or other of a
number of social phenomena, the most important of which are social
facilitation and imitation. In this paper, a general notion of
social learning will be defined and the main processes that are
responsible for it, namely social facilitation and imitation, will
be analysed in terms of the social mental processes they require.
A brief analysis of classical definitions of social learning is
carried on, showing that a systematic and consistent treatment of
this notion is still missing. A general notion of social learning
is then introduced and the two main processes that may lead to it,
social facilitation and imitation, will be defined as different
steps on a continuum of cognitive complexity. Finally, the utility
of the present approach is discussed. The analysis presented in
this paper draws upon a cognitive model of social action (cf.
Conte & Castelfranchi 1995; Conte 1999). The agent model that
will be referred to throughout the paper is a cognitive model,
endowed with mental properties for pursuing goals and intentions,
and for knowledge-based action. To be noted, a cognitive agent is
not to be necessarily meant as a natural system, although many
examples examined in the paper are drawn from the real social life
of humans. Cognitive agents may also be artificial systems endowed
with the capacity for reasoning, planning, and decision-making
about both world and mental states. Finally, some advantages of
intelligent social learning in agent systems applications are
discussed.
-
Abstract: A closer examination of the position of
processes and systems on a scale of complexity is a precondition
for the simulation of (biotic and) social processes and
systems.
It is possible to distinguish 6 levels:
>
1st level of complexity: the
process takes place mainly between 2 concrete participants (simple
movement). Control by the environment, not yet a system
(solidum).
>
2nd level of complexity: the
process orders the movements, it is horizontally (temporally)
oriented, and passes in each case through 4 stages (movement
project). The system is the sum of the elements and orders itself
through its elements (equilibrium system).
>
3rd level of complexity: the
process distributes energy (demanded products), it is vertically
(between superior and inferior environment, market) oriented and
passes in each case through 4 bonding levels (flow process). The
system is more than the sum of its elements, it regulates itself
as a whole (flow-equilibrium system).
>
4th level of complexity: the
process converts energy into products, it is horizontally
(temporally) oriented, and passes in each case through 8 stages (7
by overlapping) (process sequence), it is based on division of
labour. Each system organises itself structurally as a whole
(non-equilibrium system).
>
5th level of complexity: the
process is vertically (hierarchically) oriented and in each case
passes through 8 hierarchical levels (7 by
overlapping)(hierarchical process). Each system generates itself
structurally by organising its elements and subsystems (hierarchic
system).
>
6th level of complexity:
process is horizontally (spatially) oriented, and probably passes
16 spheres (13 by overlapping) in each case (universal process,
universal system). Each system within the spheres generates itself
materially: autopoiesis.
-
There has been a lot of talk in the US military about
"swarming" behaviors for unmanned air vehicles, robots, targeting
systems, etc. Craig Reynolds' "Boids"
simulation is a well known simulation of such behavior. A
sophomore at Berkeley has now turned the simulation into an air
combat game. According to the homepage http://www.riversmag.com/articles/birds/
:
"The premise of the game is very simple: you try to shoot
the birds, and they try to shoot you. However, the birds in the
game are unnervingly smart. They flock together. They
spontaneously arrange into attack and ambush formations. They
communicate so that they can make group decisions. Worst of all,
they evolve to be increasingly more lethal."
The game is instructive not just for observing the swarming
behavior but also to observe the co-evolvution of tactics. After
playing the game for a few minutes, players can achieve an average
exchange ratio of over 4:1 (even though outnumbered 20:1) by
"controlling" the swarm and the nature of the combat. One
technique is to use shallow movements to make the birds cluster,
dart at right angles after firing into the cluster, and then
forcing the cluster again. This simple tool shows how exploiting
co-evolutionary cbehavior can prove superior to mere technological
advantage.
-
Abstract: This paper addresses Narrative Intelligence
from a bottom up, Artificial Life perspective. First, different
levels of narrative intelligence are discussed in the context of
human and robotic story-tellers. Then, we introduce a
computational framework which is based on minimal definitions of
stories, story-telling and autobiographic agents. An experimental
test-bed is described which is applied to the study of
story-telling, using robotic agents as examples of situated,
autonomous minimal agents. Experimental data are provided which
support the working hypothesis that story-telling can be
advantageous, i.e. increases the survival of an autonomous,
autobiographic, minimal agent. We conclude this paper by
discussing implications of this approach for story-telling in
humans and artifacts.
-
Abstract: It is now generally recognised that
emotions play an important functional role within both individuals
and societies, thereby forming an important bond between these two
levels of analysis. In particular, there is a bi-directional
interrelationship between social norms and emotions, with emotions
playing an instrumental role for the sustenance of social norms
and social norms being an essential element of regulation in the
individual emotional system. This paper lays the foundations for a
computational study of this interrelationship, drawing upon the
functional appraisal theory of emotions. We describe a first
implementation of a situated agent architecture,
TABASCOJAM, that incorporates a simple appraisal
mechanism and report on its evaluation in a well-known scenario
for the study of aggression control as a function of a norm, that
was suitably extended.
The simulation results reported in the original aggression
control study were successfully reproduced, and consistent
performances were achieved for extended scenarios with conditional
norm obeyance. In conclusion, it is argued that the present effort
indicates a promising lane towards the necessary abandonment of
logical models for the explanation and simulation of human social
behaviour.
Quantum Complexity of Integration, J. Complexity 
Abstract: It is known that quantum computers yield a
speed-up for certain discrete problems. Here we want to know
whether quantum computers are useful for continuous problems. We
study the computation of the integral of functions from the
classical Hölder classes (…)
To summarize the results one can say that there is an
exponential speed-up of quantum algorithms over deterministic
(classical) algorithms, if (?) is small; there is a (roughly)
quadratic speed-up of quantum algorithms over randomized classical
methods, if (?) is small.
- Quantum
Complexity of
Integration, Erich
Novak, Journal of Complexity, Vol. 17, No. 1, March
2001, pp. 2-16 (doi:10.1006/jcom.2000.0566)
- Quantum
Computing, Joseph F.
Traub, Journal of Complexity, Vol. 17, No. 1, March
2001, pp. 1-1 (doi:10.1006/jcom.2000.0565)
Computing, One Atom At A Time, NYTimes
Excerpt: Researchers have recently used N.M.R. to
get molecules to execute rudimentary programs, like searching a
database using fewer steps than required by an ordinary computer.
((…), the database consisted of a list of only eight
numbers.) Dr. Knill and Dr. Laflamme's error-correcting algorithm
is still quite simple, (…), but it is one of the most complex
pieces of quantum software yet run.(…)
Put together a few dozen atoms, it seemed, and they could
perform vast numbers of calculations simultaneously.
-
Experiments have shown that in certain transparent
optical media light can go faster than in vacuum. In similar
experiments, the peak of an electronic analytic
signal leaves the circuit before the peak enters
it. This phenomena is known as negative group delay. The authors
propose to use negative group delays and negative feedback in the
design of computer microprocessors. This would lead to an increase
of the computing speed, and also to an independence from the clock
synchronization of the microprocessor.
Abstract: Recent manifestations of apparently
faster-than-light effects confirmed our predictions that the group
velocity in transparent optical media can exceed c. Special
relativity is not violated by these phenomena. Moreover, in the
electronic domain, the causality principle does not forbid
negative group delays of analytic signals in electronic circuits,
in which the peak of an output pulse leaves the exit port of a
circuit before the peak of the input pulse enters the input port.
Furthermore, pulse distortion for these ``superluminal' analytic
signals can be negligible in both the optical and electronic
domains. Here we suggest an extension of these ideas to the
microelectronic domain. The underlying principle is that negative
feedback can be used to produce negative group delays. Such
negative group delays can be used to cancel out the positive group
delays due to ``transistor latency' (e.g., the finite RC rise
time of MOSFETS caused by their intrinsic gate capacitance), as
well as the ``propagation delays' due to the interconnects
between transistors. Using this principle, it is possible to speed
up computer systems.
Faster-Than-Light Effects and Negative Group Delays in Optics and Electronics, arXiv
Excerpt: Spiders (Araneae) spin high-performance
silks from liquid fibroin proteins. Fibroin sequences from basal
spider lineages reveal mosaics of amino acid motifs that differ
radically from previously described spider silk sequences.
(…) the repetitive sequences of fibroins from orb-weaving
spiders have been maintained, presumably by stabilizing selection,
over 125 million years of evolutionary history. The retention of
these conserved motifs since the Mesozoic and their convergent
evolution in other structural superproteins imply that these
sequences are central to understanding the exceptional mechanical
properties of orb weaver silks.
- Extreme
Diversity, Conservation, And Convergence Of Spider
Silk Fibroin Sequences,
John Gatesy, Cheryl Hayashi, Dagmara Motriuk, Justin
Woods, Randolph Lewis, Science, Volume 291, Number
5513, 01/03/30, pp. 2603-2605
Extreme Diversity, Conservation, and Convergence of Spider Silk Fibroin Sequences, Science
ExcerptThis process involves an unusual internal drawdown within
the spider's spinneret that is not seen in industrial fibre
processing, followed by a conventional external drawdown after the
dope has left the spinneret.
In this week's featured article, Fritz Vollrath and David Knight
review our current knowledge of the spinning of spider silk. They
argue that successful copying of the spider's internal processing and
precise control over protein folding, combined with knowledge of the
gene sequences of its spinning dopes, could permit industrial
production of silk-based fibres with unique properties under benign
conditions
Spinning A Yarn, Nature
Excerpt: Spider silk has outstanding mechanical
properties despite being spun at close to ambient temperatures and
pressures using water as the solvent. The spider achieves this
feat of benign fibre processing by judiciously controlling the
folding and crystallization of the main protein constituents, and
by adding auxiliary compounds, to create a composite material of
defined hierarchical structure.
(...) fibres spun from dope solutions composed of
genetically modified (GM) natural proteins, designer proteins or
protein–plastic blends2-5 could be the new
'techno-silks'.
Liquid Crystalline Spinning Of Spider Silk, Nature
A long-term study has provided new insight into
potential short-term consequences of global climate change. On
page 2598,
researchers describe the energetic costs to birds that fail to
breed where and when their food is in peak abundance. The work
suggests that animals could be caught in a race against time as
they evolve to adjust to shifts in the seasonal availability of
food sources brought about by climate change.
Early Birds May Miss the Worms, Science
Excerpt: A potential impact of global climate
change is a shifting of seasonal changes. Thomas et al. (p.
2598;
see the news story by Pennisi) expose the energetic and fitness
costs that birds (in this case, blue tits in Corsica) incur when
breeding is not perfectly synchronized with food availability in
the local environment. Foraging costs increase as breeding becomes
mismatched with food supply, which forces the parents to work
beyond their sustainable maximum metabolic rate and leads to low
survival. These findings provide mechanistic detail for the
selective forces acting on the timing of breeding in birds and
have implications for the responses of birds to global climate
change.
Disrupted Schedules, Science
Excerpt: By advancing spring leaf flush and ensuing
food availability, climatic warming results in a mismatch between
the timing of peak food supply and nestling demand, shifting the
optimal time for reproduction in birds. (…) As food supply
and demand become progressively mismatched, the increased cost of
rearing young pushes the metabolic effort of adults beyond their
apparent sustainable limit, drastically reducing the persistence
of adults in the breeding population.
Energetic And Fitness Costs Of Mismatching Resource Supply And Demand In Seasonally Breeding Birds, Science
Researchers have discovered that "endogenous
cannabinoids," marijuana-like chemicals made by our brain whose
function has long been a mystery, play key roles in a process that
may be central to the laying down of memory. In reports this week
in Nature and Neuron, three independent research teams have shown
that cannabinoids are dispatched by some brain neurons to
fine-tune the signals they receive; one form of the process occurs
in the hippocampus, a brain area involved in memory. The discovery
offers the first concrete example of physiological function for
the endogenous cannabinoids, say neuroscientists.
- How
Cannabinoids Work in the
Brain, Marcia Barinaga,
SCIENCE News This Week, Science, 01/03/30, 291 (5513),
p. 2530, Full story at
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/291/5513/2530
How Cannabinoids Work in the Brain, Science
Excerpt: At synapses, one neuron (the presynaptic one)
releases neurotransmitter molecules that diffuse to another
(postsynaptic) neuron, either inhibiting or stimulating it. Wilson
and Nicoll show that endocannabinoids can be formed in single
postsynaptic neurons in response to physiologically relevant stimuli,
and that the endocannabinoids diffuse back from the stimulated cell
to act on receptors on a presynaptic neuron. This has the effect of
decreasing inhibitory inputs to the postsynaptic cell. The study also
highlights the importance of endocannabinoid transporters in
controlling this process.
Cannabinoids Act Backwards, Nature
Excerpt: Marijuana affects brain function
primarily by activating the G-protein-coupled cannabinoid
receptor-1 (CB1)(…)
These findings indicate that the function of endogenous
cannabinoids released by depolarized hippocampal neurons might be
to downregulate GABA release. Here we show that the transient
suppression of GABA-mediated transmission that follows
depolarization of hippocampal pyramidal neurons is mediated by
retrograde signalling through release of endogenous cannabinoids.
Signalling by the endocannabinoid system thus represents a
mechanism by which neurons can communicate backwards across
synapses to modulate their inputs.
Endogenous Cannabinoids Mediate Retrograde Signalling, Nature
Abstract: We report the development of a
pseudorabies virus that can be used for retrograde tracing from
selected neurons. This virus encodes a green fluorescent protein
marker and replicates only in neurons that express the Cre
recombinase and in neurons in synaptic contact with the originally
infected cells. The virus was injected into the arcuate nucleus of
mice that express Cre only in those neurons that express
neuropeptide Y or the leptin receptor. Sectioning of the brains
revealed that these neurons receive inputs from neurons in other
regions of the hypothalamus, as well as the amygdala, cortex, and
other brain regions. These data suggest that higher cortical
centers modulate leptin signaling in the hypothalamus. This method
of neural tracing may prove useful in studies of other complex
neural circuits.
- Virus-Assisted
Mapping Of Neural Inputs To A Feeding Center In The
Hypothalamus,
Jeff DeFalco, Mark Tomishima, Hongyan Liu, Connie
Zhao, XiaoLi Cai, Jamey D. Marth, Lynn Enquist, and
Jeffrey M. Friedman, Science, Volume 291, Number 5513,
Issue of 30 Mar 2001, pp. 2608-2613
Virus-Assisted Mapping Of Neural Inputs To A Feeding Center In The Hypothalamus, Science
The decision to begin eating requires the integration
of a variety of motivational and metabolic signals emanating from
distinct regions of the brain. DeFalco et al. (p. 2608)
traced these neural pathways in a rodent model by creating a
genetically modified herpes virus (that also encodes a green
fluorescent protein) that replicated only in neurons that
expressed a gene product of interest and in neurons making
synaptic contact with the initially infected cells. They find that
hypothalamic neurons expressing the leptin receptor or
neuropeptide Y, two proteins known to be involved in the
regulation of feeding, receive inputs from a number of different
brain areas, including the amygdala, cortex, and other regions of
the hypothalamus.
- Pathfinding
Virus, This Week
in Science, Volume 291, Number 5513, Issue of 30 March
2001
Pathfinding Virus, Science
Excerpt: Studies of people who perceive colours
when they see particular letters or digits are providing help with
an old problem - that of whether awareness is needed to 'bind'
visual features of an object together.
Most of the information stored in the human mind is below
the level of awareness. (…) are features of an object (such
as shape, colour, brightness and orientation) 'unbound' when we
are not aware of them, becoming 'bound' together as a unit only
when attention is engaged?
Colour My I's Blue, Nature
Excerpt: Synaesthesia is an unusual perceptual
phenomenon in which events in one sensory modality induce vivid
sensations in another. Individuals may 'taste' shapes, 'hear'
colours, or 'feel' sounds. Synaesthesia was first described over a
century ago, but little is known about its underlying causes or
its effects on cognition. Most reports have been anecdotal or have
focused on isolated unusual cases. Here we report an investigation
of 15 individuals with colour-graphemic synaesthesia, each of whom
experiences idiosyncratic but highly consistent colours for
letters and digits.
Unconscious Priming Eliminates Automatic Binding Of Colour And Alphanumeric Form In Synaesthesia, Nature
Excerpt: We have shown that bacterial mutation
rates change during the experimental colonization of the mouse
gut. A high mutation rate was initially beneficial because it
allowed faster adaptation, but this benefit disappeared once
adaptation was achieved. Mutator bacteria accumulated mutations
that, although neutral in the mouse gut, are often deleterious in
secondary environments. Consistently, the competitiveness of
mutator bacteria is reduced during transmission to and
re-colonization of similar hosts. The short-term advantages and
long-term disadvantages of mutator bacteria could account for
their frequency in nature.
- Costs
and Benefits of High Mutation Rates: Adaptive
Evolution of Bacteria in the Mouse
Gut, Antoine Giraud,
Ivan Matic, Olivier Tenaillon, Antonio Clara,
Miroslav, Radman, Michel Fons, and Francois Taddei,
Science, p. 2606
Costs and Benefits of High Mutation Rates: Adaptive Evolution of Bacteria in the Mouse Gut, Science
Excerpt: Plants respond to insect herbivory by
synthesizing and releasing complex blends of volatile compounds,
which provide important host-location cues for insects that are
natural enemies of herbivores. (…)Here we present chemical
and behavioural assays showing that tobacco plants (Nicotiana
tabacum) release herbivore-induced volatiles during both night and
day.
Moreover, several volatile compounds are released
exclusively at night and are highly repellent to female moths
(Heliothis virescens).
(…) serve as important foraging cues for parasitoids
and predators, and thus enhance the plants' defence.
Caterpillar-Induced Nocturnal Plant Volatiles Repel Conspecific Females, Nature
Abstract: Evolutionary pathways open to even
relatively simple organisms, such as bacteria, may lead to complex
and unpredictable phenotypic changes, both adaptive and
non-adaptive. The evolutionary pathways taken by 18 populations of
Ralstonia strain TFD41 while they evolved in defined environments
for 1000 generations were examined. Twelve populations evolved in
liquid media, while six others evolved on agar surfaces.
Phenotypic analyses of these derived populations identified some
changes that were consistent across all populations and others
that differed among them. The evolved populations all exhibited
morphological changes in their cell envelopes, including
reductions of the capsule in each population and reduced
prostheca-like surface structures in most populations. Mean cell
length increased in most populations (in one case by more than
fourfold), although a few populations evolved shorter cells.
Carbon utilization profiles were variable among the evolved
populations, but two distinct patterns were correlated with
genetic markers introduced at the outset of the experiment. Fatty
acid methyl ester composition was less variable across
populations, but distinct patterns were correlated with the two
physical environments. All 18 populations evolved greatly
increased sensitivity to bile salts, and all but one had increased
adhesion to sand; both patterns consistent with changes in the
outer envelope. This phenotypic diversity contrasts with the
fairly uniform increases in competitive fitness observed in all
populations. This diversity may represent a set of equally
probable adaptive solutions to the selective environment; it may
also arise from the chance fixation of non-adaptive mutations that
hitchhiked with a more limited set of beneficial mutations.
Rapid Phenotypic Change And Diversification Of A Soil Bacterium, Microbiology
Abstract: This paper studies a stylized model of local
interaction where agents choose from an ever increasing set of
vertically ranked actions, e.g. technologies. The driving forces
of the model are infrequent upward shifts (``updates'), followed
by a rapid process of local imitation (``diffusion'). Our main
focus is on the regularities displayed by the long-run
distribution of diffusion waves and their implication on the
performance of the system. By integrating analytical techniques
and numerical simulations, we come to the following two main
conclusions. (1) If dis-coordination costs are sufficiently high,
the system behaves critically, in the sense customarily used in
physics. (2) The performance of the system is optimal at the
frontier of the critical region. Heuristically, this may be
interpreted as an indication that (performance-sensitive)
evolutionary forces induce the system to be placed ``at the edge
of order and chaos'
Self-Organized Criticality In Evolutionary Systems With Local Interaction, arXiv
Abstract: The SH3 domain is perhaps the
best-characterized member of the growing family of
protein-interaction modules. By binding with moderate affinity and
selectivity to proline-rich ligands, these domains play critical
roles in a wide variety of biological processes ranging from
regulation of enzymes by intramolecular interactions, increasing
the local concentration or altering the subcellular localization
of components of signaling pathways, and mediating the assembly of
large multiprotein complexes. SH3 domains and their binding sites
have cropped up in many hundreds of proteins in species from yeast
to man, which suggests that they provide the cell with an
especially handy and adaptable means of bringing proteins
together. The wealth of genetic, biochemical and structural
information available provides an intimate and detailed portrait
of the domain, serving as a framework for understanding other
modular protein-interaction domains. Processes regulated by SH3
domains also raise important questions about the nature of
specificity and the overall logic governing networks of protein
interactions.
SH3 Domains: Complexity In Moderation, Science
Excerpts: D. J. Patil (Maryland): Local low
dimensionality of atmospheric dynamics -- when good forecasts go
bad Earth's atmosphere is a dynamical system with a large number
of dimensions. However, under suitable circumstances, the local
finite-time behavior may be modeled as low-dimensional. The
analysis of these situations may be very useful for weather
forecasts, and other spatially extended systems may be amenable to
similar analyses.
Moderated discussion on future trends in dynamical
systems (the next 5-10 years):
1) Dynamical systems is at the heart of (nonlinear)
control theory and is also essential in the study of numerical
computations. Many people are interested in the consequences of
the work of dynamicists. (My own note: Caltech's
CDS department is devoted to the combination of control theory
and dynamical systems theory.) (…)
5) Dan Rudolph (UMCP): He pointed out that "Ergodic theory
happens on graphs." Hence, the study of different types of
networks will also need to importance analysis using dynamical
systems theory.(…)
7) There was a lively discussion on the many unsolved problems
associated with quantum chaos.(…)
8) Yakov Pesin (Penn State): He mentioned that some areas of
importance are partially hyperbolic dynamics, lattice dynamics
systems (in which the spatial degrees-of-freedom are discretized),
and infinite-dimensional systems.(…)
-
Links & Snippets
- 20th
ICDE World Conference On Open Learning And Distance
Education, Düsseldorf,
Germany, 01/04/01 - 05
- 4th
European Conference on Genetic Programming
(EuroGP2001), Como, Italy,
01/04/18-20
- SwarmFest
2001, Santa Fe, New Mexico,
01/04/28-30
- SFI Wkshp on Complexity
- Unifying Themes for the Sciences and New Frontiers for
Mathematics, MPI for Math in
Sci, Leipzig, Germany, 01/05/14-18
(Limited Participation)
- Complex
Systems and Art,
NECSI/Santa Fe Art Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA,
01/06/08
- 2nd
Europ Interdisp School on Nonlin Dyn for Syst & Sig Anal
, EUROATTRACTOR2001, Inst
Biocyb & Biomed Eng, Polish Acad Sci, Warsaw,
01/06/19-28
- SFI Graduate Workshop in
Computational
Economics, Santa Fe, NM,
01/07/15-28 (Limited
Participation)
- SFI Complex
Systems Summer School, Santa
Fe, NM, 01/06/10-07/07 (Limited
Participation)
- The 3nd Symp. on Systems Res.
in the Arts Music,
Environmental Design, and the Choreography of
Space, Baden-Baden, Germany,
01/07/30-08/04
- SFI Complex
Systems Summer School,
Budapest, Santa Fe,
NM, 01/07/16-08/10 (Limited
Participation)
- SFI Workshop on Poverty
Traps," Santa Fe, NM,
01/07/20-22 (Limited
Participation)
- Intl. Conf.
DYNAMICAL NETWORKS IN COMPLEX
SYSTEMS, Kiel, Germany,
01/07/25-27
- SFI
Summer Workshop: Mathematical Models in Molecular and
Cellular Biology, Santa Fe,
New Mexico, 01/07/29-08/10 (Limited
Participation)
- 11th
Annual International Conference The Society For Chaos Theory
in Psychology & Life
Sciences, Madison, WI, USA,
01/08/3-6
- 5th
Intl Conf on COMPUTING ANTICIPATORY
SYSTEMS, Liege, Belgium,
01/08/13-18
- Artificial
Life Models for Musical
Applications,
Workshop
of the 6th European Conference on Artificial
Life, Prague, Czech
Republic, 01/09/09-14
- SFI Workshop on Economic
Inequality and Economic
Sustainability, Santa Fe, NM,
01/09/21-23 (Limited
Participation)
- International
Symposium on Technology, Economic and Social Applications of
Distributed Intelligence
(TESADI'01) at the
2001
IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and
Cybernetics (SMC'01), Tucson,
Arizona, USA, 01/10/7-10
- 1st
Asia-Pacific Conf On Web
Intelligence, Maebashi
TERRSA, Maebashi City, Japan, 01/10/23-26
- ComDig Contributing
Editors Wanted: Due to the
overwhelming success of Complexity Digest in both the
academic and practioner communities we are in the fortunate
situation to offer one or several positions of contributing
editors especially in the areas of economic and business
applications. Requirements are a solid background in
complexity, reliable access to the Internet, and good
editorial skills. Financial support could be available.
Please send applications to editor@comdig.org
- Chalmers
University of Technology in
Goteborg, Sweden, offers an
international Master's program in complex adaptive systems
starting in Sept. 2001
