Complexity Digest 2002.03

21-Jan-2002

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Content

  1. Altruistic Punishment In Humans, Nature
    1. Behavioural Science: Homo Reciprocans, Nature
  2. Oldest Art: From A Modern Human's Brow--Or Doodling?, Science
  3. Enron: Who's Accountable?, Time Magazine
  4. Remote Electronic Control Of DNA [with] Attached Metal Nanocrystal Antenna, Nature
  5. Parasitic Cape Honeybee Workers, Apis mellifera capensis, Evade Policing, Nature
  6. Evolutionary Biology: Finches Adapt Rapidly To New Homes, Science
    1. Sex-Biased Hatching Order and Adaptive Population Divergence in a Passerine Bird, Science
  7. Bugs Could Travel To Earth In Comfort Aboard Martian Meteorites, New Scientist
  8. Lowly Yabby Could Claw Its Way To Mars, CNN
  9. Super Fly (Biologically Inspired Hearing Aid), NY Times
  10. Researchers Find Evidence That Human Heart May Repair Itself, The Associated Press
    1. Stem Cell Research: Stem Cells May Shore Up Transplanted Hearts, Science
  11. Tiny Silicon Grains For Lasers On A Chip, UPI
  12. Linkage Disequilibrium And The Mapping Of Complex Human Traits, Trends in Genetics
  13. Dynamic Coding Of Behaviourally Relevant Stimuli In Parietal Cortex, Nature
  14. Evolution of communication and language using signals, symbols and words, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
    1. Computer simulation: A new scientific approach to the study of language evolution, CogPrints
    2. The adaptive advantage of symbolic theft over sensorimotor toil: Grounding language in perceptual categories, CogPrints
  15. A Self-Organizing Neural Network Model Of The Acquisition Of Word Meaning, Proc. Int. Conf. Cognitive Modeling
  16. Kin Selection: Fact And Fiction, Trends in Ecology & Evolution
  17. Pervasive Influence Of Large-Scale Climate In The Dynamics Of A Terrestrial Vertebrate Community, BMC Ecology
  18. Body Size, Geometry, Longevity And Metabolism: Do Plant Leaves Behave Like Animal Bodies?, Trends in Ecology & Evolution
  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks
    1. Head to Head: Guantanamo Prisoners, BBC News
    2. USA: AI Calls On The USA To End Legal Limbo Of Guantánamo Prisoners, Amnesty International
    3. Prohibition Of Terrorist Acts In International Humanitarian Law, International Review of the Red Cross
  20. Links & Snippets
    1. Special Announcement: Dean LeBaron's Virtual Book Party!
    2. Internet Industry Partnerships, Valdis Krebs Site
    3. Other Papers
    4. Conference Announcements

  1. Altruistic Punishment In Humans, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Human cooperation is an evolutionary puzzle. Unlike other creatures, people frequently cooperate with genetically unrelated strangers, often in large groups, with people they will never meet again, and when reputation gains are small or absent. These patterns of cooperation cannot be explained by the nepotistic motives associated with the evolutionary theory of kin selection and the selfish motives associated with signalling theory or the theory of reciprocal altruism. Here we show experimentally that the altruistic punishment of defectors is a key motive for the explanation of cooperation.

    Editor's Note: It should be noted that all authors are affiliated with institutions located in the German speaking part of Switzerland, a region that is notorious for strict "altruistic punishment". It would be curious to repeat the experiment in other parts of the world such as, say, Taiwan.


    1. Behavioural Science: Homo Reciprocans, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Humans are often generous, but cooperation unravels when others take advantage of them. Many people punish such 'free riders', even if they do not benefit personally, and this 'altruistic punishment' sustains cooperation.

      Garrett Hardin1 famously described a group of herders whose pursuit of self-interest leads to overgrazing of a pasture, driving it to ruin. His term for the process, the 'tragedy of the commons', underlined its inexorable nature. But herders, fishers and other users of common resources frequently avert the tragedy


  2. Oldest Art: From A Modern Human's Brow--Or Doodling?, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Summary: Archaeologists in South Africa have found what may be the oldest known art, dated at least 40,000 years before the earliest cave paintings in Europe. Some researchers argue that the find, published online by Science on 10 January , strengthens the case that modern human behavior arose much earlier than previously thought and that it took root in Africa long before spreading to Europe. Others caution against drawing sweeping conclusions from what may be a relatively rare find.

  3. Enron: Who's Accountable?, Time Magazine Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: The accounting for a global trading company like Enron is mind-numbingly complex. But it's crucial to learning how the company fell so far so fast, taking with it the jobs and pension savings of thousands of workers and inflicting losses on millions of individual investors. At the heart of Enron's demise was the creation of partnerships with shell companies, (...) These shell companies, run by Enron executives who profited richly from them, allowed Enron to keep hundreds of millions of dollars in debt off its books.

  4. Remote Electronic Control Of DNA [with] Attached Metal Nanocrystal Antenna, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: Increasingly detailed structural and dynamic studies are highlighting the precision with which biomolecules execute often complex tasks at the molecular scale. (...) Biomolecular activity has been triggered optically through the use of chromophores, but direct electronic control over biomolecular 'machinery' in a specific and fully reversible manner has not yet been achieved. Here we demonstrate remote electronic control over the hybridization behaviour of DNA molecules, by inductive coupling of a radio-frequency magnetic field to a metal nanocrystal covalently linked to DNA.

  5. Parasitic Cape Honeybee Workers, Apis mellifera capensis, Evade Policing, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Relocation of the Cape honeybee, Apis mellifera capensis, by bee-keepers from southern to northern South Africa in 1990 has caused widespread death of managed African honeybee, A. m. scutellata, colonies1. Apis mellifera capensis worker bees are able to lay diploid, female eggs without mating (...), whereas workers of other honeybee subspecies are able to lay only haploid, male eggs. (...)

    This parasitism is analogous to cancer in that it is by same-species, self-replicating units that do not respond to normal regulatory processes and proliferate to overwhelm the collective.


  6. Evolutionary Biology: Finches Adapt Rapidly To New Homes, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: A study of house finches, reported on page 316 of this issue of Science,has demonstrated that in just 30 years, finches newly settled in Montana and Alabama begin to look and act quite different from each other, despite being close kin. The researchers have also shown that these flourishing avian pioneers improve their chances of success in part by controlling the sex of their eggs as they lay them. In this way, mothers influence the size of their offspring, an important survival trait.

    1. Sex-Biased Hatching Order and Adaptive Population Divergence in a Passerine Bird, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Most species of birds can lay only one egg per day until a clutch is complete, and the order in which eggs are laid often has strong and sex-specific effects on offspring growth and survival. In two recently established populations of the house finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) in Montana and Alabama, breeding females simultaneously adjusted the sex and growth of offspring in relation to their position in the laying order, thereby reducing the mortality of sons and daughters by 10 to 20% in both environments.


  7. Bugs Could Travel To Earth In Comfort Aboard Martian Meteorites, New Scientist Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: For the first time, millions of bacterial spores have been purposely exposed to outer space, to see how they are affected by solar radiation. The results support the idea that life could have arrived on Earth in the form of bacteria carried from Mars on meteorites.

    The idea that life started elsewhere and spread through space is called panspermia. It was first proposed in 1903 by the Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius, who suggested that solar radiation might propel single spores across solar systems.


  8. Lowly Yabby Could Claw Its Way To Mars, CNN Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: (...)the claw-clad critter possesses a complex feedback system associated with its movements, something that engineers would love to understand and imitate.

    Biomimetic engineers acknowledge that they have much to learn. Some of the Yabby's internal wiring seems to work in ways completely opposite of what they expect.

    But such mechanical mimicry has already produced a number of accomplished cyber-critters, like robots that undulate their entire bodies to propel themselves in water or move about with multi-jointed legs.

    And the Yabby could lead the way for scientists looking to design a mobile planetary probe.


  9. Super Fly (Biologically Inspired Hearing Aid), NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: Most flies don't have ears; that they had found them on its underbelly was enough of a coup. (...) They have developed through evolutionary necessity the ability to pinpoint the location of chirping crickets, on whose bodies the female deposits her larva (...) When Miles explained its mechanics -- it has two eardrums, the one closer to the sound vibrates more loudly than the other, detecting a noise's direction within one or two degrees -- the team of scientists realized that its supersensitivity could revolutionize hearing aids.

  10. Researchers Find Evidence That Human Heart May Repair Itself, The Associated Press Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: Contradicting generations of medical lore, researchers have found new evidence that the human heart can repair itself. Doctors have long assumed that damage from a heart attack or other ailment is irreversible and that the heart cannot regenerate tissue the way other organs can. But that belief has been shaken by recent research.

    A team of American and Italian researchers demonstrated last year that heart muscle cells multiply after a heart attack. Now they have shown that in heart transplant patients, primitive cells from the patient travel to the new heart and grow new muscle and blood vessels. (...)


    1. Stem Cell Research: Stem Cells May Shore Up Transplanted Hearts, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Can a broken heart be mended? Perhaps, says a new report, which shows that after a heart transplant, cells migrate to the donated organ, possibly helping it recover. These migrants show signs of being stem cells, those multitalented cells that have the capacity to develop into a multitude of tissues.


  11. Tiny Silicon Grains For Lasers On A Chip, UPI Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: Newly developed silicon grains that emit laser light may in the future serve as the backbone of an optical computer network light years faster than today's Internet.

    The microscopic particles are only 3 nanometers -- or billionths of a meter -- in diameter, making them more than 30,000 times thinner than a human hair. They glow red laser light when green light from a mercury lamp shines on them.

    "The particles are ultra-bright -- you can detect single ones with the naked eye," (...)


  12. Linkage Disequilibrium And The Mapping Of Complex Human Traits, Trends in Genetics Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: In the past year, data about the level and nature of linkage disequilibrium between alleles of tightly linked SNPs have started to become available. Furthermore, increasing evidence of allelic heterogeneity at the loci predisposing to complex disease has been observed, which has lead to initial attempts to develop methods of linkage disequilibrium detection allowing for this difficulty. It has also become more obvious that we will need to think carefully about the types of populations we need to analyze in an attempt to identify these elusive genes, and it is becoming clear that we need to carefully re-evaluate the prognosis of the current paradigm with regard to its robustness to the types of problems that are likely to exist.

  13. Dynamic Coding Of Behaviourally Relevant Stimuli In Parietal Cortex, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: A general function of cerebral cortex is to allow the flexible association of sensory stimuli with specific behaviors. Many neurons in parietal, prefrontal and motor cortical areas are activated both by particular movements and by sensory cues (...) When cue color was relevant for directing eye movement, we found a substantial fraction of LIP neurons selective for cue color. However, when cue location was relevant, color selectivity was virtually absent in LIP. These results demonstrate that selectivity of cortical neurons can change as a function of the required behavior.

  14. Evolution of communication and language using signals, symbols and words, IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: This paper describes different types of models for the evolution of communication and language. It uses the distinction between signals, symbols, and words for the analysis of evolutionary models of language. In particular, it show how evolutionary computation techniques, such as Artificial Life, can be used to study the emergence of syntax and symbols from simple communication signals. Initially, a computational model that evolves repertoires of isolated signals is presented. This study has simulated the emergence of signals for naming foods in a population of foragers. This type of model studies communication systems based on simple signal-object associations. Subsequently, models that study the emergence of grounded symbols are discussed in general, including a detailed description of a work on the evolution of simple syntactic rules. This model focuses on the emergence of symbol-symbol relationships in evolved languages. Finally, computational models of syntax acquisition and evolution are discussed. These different types of computational models provide an operational definition of the signal/symbol/word distinction. The simulation and analysis of these types of models will help understanding the role of symbols and symbol acquisition in the origin of language.

    Contributing Editor's Note: The computer modelling of the emergence and evolution of language is having an impact not only in linguistics, but in all the cognitive sciences, philosophy, and artificial intelligence. The results suggest, among other things, that the mind is an emergent phenomena from the close relations between individuals and their environment. This poses serious questions to the classical views of the mind. If the mind is an emergent phenomena, then it does not depend too much on the properties of the elements from which it arises, but on their functions. How easily could we exchange the elements for others which provide the same functions? If this is possible, what would be the difference between the biological mind and an artificial mind, if their components have the same functions? Only this, that one is with living organisms and another simulated in computers?


    1. Computer simulation: A new scientific approach to the study of language evolution, CogPrints Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Contributing Editor's Note: This work is the introductory chapter of the book Simulating the Evolution of Language, which compiles the latest research for studying the origin and evolution of language and communication, mainly with the aid of computer or robotic simulations. The book includes works by Turner; Noble, Di Paolo, and Bullock; de Boer; Livingstone; Kirby and Hurford; Komarova and Nowak; Christiansen et. al.; Cangelosi, Greco, and Harnad; Steels, Arbib, Parisi and Cangelosi, Hutchins and Hazelhurst; Hashimoto; and Tomasello.

      Abstract: (summary of the whole book) This volume provides a comprehensive survey of computational models and methodologies used for studying the origin and evolution of language and communication. With contributions from the most influential figures in the field, Simulating the Evolution of Language presents and summarizes current computational approaches to language evolution and highlights new lines of development. Among the main discussion points are: ·Analysis of emerging linguistic behaviours and structures · Demonstration of the strict interaction and interdependence between language and other non-linguistic abilities · Direct comparisons between simulation studies and empirical research. Essential reading for researchers and students in the areas of evolutionary and adaptive systems, language evolution, modelling and linguistics, it will also be of particular interest to computer scientists working on multi-agent systems, robotics and internet agents.


    2. The adaptive advantage of symbolic theft over sensorimotor toil: Grounding language in perceptual categories, CogPrints Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Abstract: Using neural nets to simulate learning and the genetic algorithm to simulate evolution in a toy world of mushrooms and mushroom-foragers, we place two ways of acquiring categories into direct competition with one another: In (1) "sensorimotor toil", new categories are acquired through real-time, feedback-corrected, trial and error experience in sorting them. In (2) "symbolic theft", new categories are acquired by hearsay from propositions - boolean combinations of symbols describing them. In competition, symbolic theft always beats sensorimotor toil. We hypothesize that this is the basis of the adaptive advantage of language. Entry-level categories must still be learned by toil, however, to avoid an infinite regress (the "symbol grounding problem"). Changes in the internal representations of categories must take place during the course of learning by toil. These changes can be analyzed in terms of the compression of within-category similarities and the expansion of between-category differences. These allow regions of similarity space to be separated, bounded and named, and then the names can be combined and recombined to describe new categories, grounded recursively in the old ones. Such compression/expansion effects, called "categorical perception" (CP), have previously been reported with categories acquired by sensorimotor toil; we show that they can also arise from symbolic theft alone. The picture of natural language and its origins that emerges from this analysis is that of a powerful hybrid symbolic/sensorimotor capacity, infinitely superior to its purely sensorimotor precursors, but still grounded in and dependent on them. It can spare us from untold time and effort learning things the hard way, through direct experience, but it remain anchored in and translatable into the language of experience.


  15. A Self-Organizing Neural Network Model Of The Acquisition Of Word Meaning, Proc. Int. Conf. Cognitive Modeling Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Contributing Editor's Note: One of the many disagreements about how children acquire meaning of words is whether they can use contextual or structural knowledge. To address this issue, connectionism and computational analyses of large scale corpora have been employed. The authors present here a neural network model that can learn semantics from linguistic input. Although the basic idea is similar to HAL, the proposed model differs as i) it uses unsupervised neural network that learns on-line and ii) it incorporates mechanisms to represent word accurately even when training data is sparse.

    Abstract: In this paper we present a self organising connectionist model of the acquisition of word meaning. Our model consists of two neural networks and builds on the basic concepts of Hebbian learning and self organisation. Our network learns to approximate word transition probabilities, which are used for lexicon representations and the other network, a self organising map, is trained on this representations, projecting them onto 2D space. The model relies on lexical co-occurrence information to represent word meaning in lexicon. The results show that our model is able to acquire semantic representations from both artificial data and real corpus of language use. In addition the model demonstrates the ability to develop rather accurate word representations even with a sparse training time.


  16. Kin Selection: Fact And Fiction, Trends in Ecology & Evolution Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: Hamilton's inclusive fitness theory represents one of the most important developments in evolutionary biology. In particular, the idea that individuals benefit from the reproduction of relatives (kin selection) has been extraordinarily successful in explaining a wide range of phenomena, especially cases of supposed altruism. However, recent work has emphasized how the importance of kin selection can be overestimated - an estimate of high relatedness between interacting individuals is not in itself sufficient evidence that kin selection is responsible for promoting altruism. In particular, supposedly altruistic traits can have direct fitness benefits, and competition between relatives can reduce the importance of indirect fitness benefits.

  17. Pervasive Influence Of Large-Scale Climate In The Dynamics Of A Terrestrial Vertebrate Community, BMC Ecology Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: Large-scale climatic variability has been implicated in the population dynamics of many vertebrates throughout the Northern Hemisphere, but has not been demonstrated to directly influence dynamics at multiple trophic levels of any single system. (...)

    Despite differences in dynamic complexity among the predator, herbivore, and vegetation levels, large-scale climatic variability influenced dynamics directly at all three levels. The strength of the climatic influence on dynamics was, however, strongest at the top and bottom trophic levels, where density dependence was weakest.


  18. Body Size, Geometry, Longevity And Metabolism: Do Plant Leaves Behave Like Animal Bodies?, Trends in Ecology & Evolution Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: Given their differing geometry, evolutionary history and hierarchical position, plant leaves and animal bodies provide a useful comparison in evaluating the roles of size and geometry in the scaling of biological form and function. Metabolism and longevity scale similarly with specific surface area (surface area per unit mass) for both plant leaves and animal organs and bodies, indicating a fundamental allometry between geometry, area- and mass-based gas exchange and biochemical processes. By contrast, metabolism and longevity scale with size (mass) in animals but not in leaves. These findings provide evidence for the general phenomenon of geometrically based, but not size-based, scaling relationships in nature.

  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Head to Head: Guantanamo Prisoners, BBC News Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Editor's Note: In some of the arguments about how to deal with "detainees" apprehended in the war against terrorism it seems to be implicitly assumed that the "detainees" are guilty and therefore have forfeited their rights. With that logic the principle of "innocent until proven guilty" is suspended and the detaining forces are given implicit judicial powers. Without the control of checks and balances between executive and judicial powers a complex systems perspective would view this situation as highly unstable against abuse.

      Excerpts: (...) the Pentagon says the detainees are not prisoners of war (POWs) protected by the Geneva Conventions and describes them as "unlawful combatants" instead.

      Human rights groups and some British parliamentarians insist that the detainees should be treated as POWs. (...)

      "The individuals currently being held by the United States at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, should not be considered prisoners of war, or criminals under any accepted civil or military definition of those terms.

      These "detainees", as they are labelled, skirted international norms and abandoned their rights as sovereign nationals when they chose to participate in the stateless pursuit of terrorism.", Jay C Farrar, Center for Strategic & International Studies, Washington DC


    2. USA: AI Calls On The USA To End Legal Limbo Of Guantánamo Prisoners, Amnesty International Next Article Bookmark and Share

      'It is not the prerogative of the Secretary of Defense or any other US administration official to determine whether those held in Guantánamo are POWs'', Amnesty International said. "An independent US court, following due process, is the appropriate organ to make this determination." (...)

      Any detainee who is suspected of a crime, whether or not they are POWs, must be charged with a criminal offense and tried fairly or released. Denying POWs or other people protected by the Geneva Conventions a fair trial is a war crime.


    3. Prohibition Of Terrorist Acts In International Humanitarian Law, International Review of the Red Cross Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Terrorist acts committed in wartime have a different legal connotation. Violence - carried to its extreme - is inherent in war; it is also inherent in terrorism. This raises the question of the distinction to be made between two different types of violence: "licit violence" in armed conflicts governed by the laws of war, as opposed to "illicit violence" (which includes terrorism). On what criteria is the distinction based?


  20. Links & Snippets Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Special Announcement: Dean LeBaron's Virtual Book Party! Next Article Bookmark and Share

      You are invited to a first... a virtual global book party - one week of online presence beginning January 23, 2002. We'll be celebrating the publication of 3 books by John Wiley & Sons, New York during the month of December 2001:

      The party will be at www.deanlebaron.com/bookparty,


    2. Internet Industry Partnerships, Valdis Krebs Site Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Each node in the network represents a company that competes in the Internet industry. Two companies are connected with a grey line if they have announced a joint venture, strategic alliance or other partnership. This map shows a subset of the total internet industry -- 222 companies.

      Many companies have a few partnerships, a few companies have many. The industry is dominated by several 'hubs' -- companies with many ties that connect the unconnected.


    3. Other Papers Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Body Size, Geometry, Longevity And Metabolism: Do Plant Leaves Behave Like Animal Bodies?, Peter B. Reich, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2001, 16:12:674-680
      2. Alternative Reproductive Tactics And Sexual Selection, Bryan D. Neff, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2001, 16:12:669
      3. Millennium Man (Anti-Cancer Drug LDP-341), Naomi Aoki, The Boston Globe, 12/12/01
      4. Brain Scan Study Shows How Placebo Aids Depression, Maggie Fox, Reuters, 1/1/02
      5. Co-Regulator Recruitment And The Mechanism Of Retinoic Acid Receptor Synergy, P Germain, J Iyer, C Zechel & H Gronemeyer, Nature
      6. Replacing A Car's Accelerator And Brake With One Pedal May Save Lives, Duncan Graham-Rowe, New Scientist, 02/01/10
      7. Visual Systems: Predator And Prey Views Of Spider Camouflage, M Théry & J Casas, Nature
      8. Brain Evolution (Communication Arising): Analysis Of Mammalian Brain Architecture, F Sultan, Nature
      9. Geology: Subtleties Of Sand Reveal How Mountains Crumble, Science
      10. Immune And Neural Network Models: Theoretical And Empirical Comparisons, L. De castro & Fernando J. Von Zuben, Int. J. Comp. Intell. and Appl., Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 239-257, 2001
      11. Compensation Competitive Learning, Zhi-qiang Liu, Yajun Zhang, Int. J. Comp. Intell. and Appl., Vol. 1, No. 3 pp. 303-322, 2001
      12. Decoding Of Signal From Phase Modulated Unstable Periodic Orbit, D. R. Kulkarni & R. E. Amritkar, Int. J. Bifur. and Chaos nt. J. Bifur. and Chaos, Vol 11, No 12 · Dec. 2001
      13. Effects Of Waking- Human Sleep Architecture, Jose L. Cantero , Mercedes Atienza, Rosa M. Salas, Behav. Brain Research, Vol 128, Issue 1, pp 53 - 59, Jan. 2002
      14. Piriform Cortex Model Of EEG Has Random Underlying Dynamics, Benuskova L, Kanich M, Krakovska in World Congress on Neuroinformatics 2001, 24.-29.9.2001, Proceedings, Ed. Frank R., Argesim /Asim - Verlag, Vienna, pp. 287-292, 2001
      15. Signal Prediction Based On A Chaotic Attractor Model Of The Electroencephalogram, D. P. Burke, A. M. de Paor, Measurement Science Review, Vol 1, No 1, 2001
      16. Artist Detection In Music With Minnowmatch, B. Whitman, G. Flake & S. Lawrence, Proc. 2001 IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing, Falmouth, Massachusetts, September 10-12, pp. 559-568, 2001
      17. The Molecular Ecology Of Microbial Eukaryotes Unveils A Hidden World, David Moreira and Purificación López-GarcíaTrends in Microbiology, 2002, 10:1:31-38


    4. Conference Announcements Bookmark and Share

      1. Joint International SFI/SINP Workshop Dynamics of Networks and Spatially Extended Systems, Kolkata (Calcutta), India, 02/01/21-23,
        1. Note: There will be a webcast from this conference available at http://www.comdig.de/DNSES
      2. Topics in Nonlinear Dynamics, Collective Phenomena and Complexity: Dynamical Model Formulation, Analysis and Symmetry, Canberra, Australia, 02/01/21-02/01
      3. Managing Complex Health Care Organizations In A Complex World, NECSI, Cambridge, MA, 02/02/04-05
      4. 1st annual Conference on the Convergence of Nano- and Bio- Technology, San Diego, CA, 02/02/11-12
      5. Technology, Entertainment and Design (TED 12), Monterey, CA, 02/02/20-23
      6. ASPS [American Studies Project at Skeria] Seminar, Globalization and Business Cultures, Skellefteå, Sweden, 02/02/15-
      7. Physik Sozio-Oekonomischer Systeme, German Phys Soc, Regensburg, Germany, 02/03/11-15
      8. Capturing Business Complexity with Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation, SFI, Argonne National Laboratory, Il. 02/03/04-08
      9. SwarmFest 2002: Sixth Annual Swarm Users Meeting, Seattle, 02/03/29-31
      10. AIS'2002: Towards Component-Based Modeling and Simulation, Lisbon, Portugal, 02/04/07-10
      11. Modeling & Simulation of Microsystems (MSM 2002) & Intl. Conf on Comp Nano Science (ICCN 2002), San Juan, Puerto Rico, 02/04/22-25
      12. World Conference NL 2002 - Networked Learning in a Global Environment: Challenges and Solutions for Virtual Education, Berlin, Germany, 02/05/01-04
      13. International Conference on Complex Systems (ICCS2002), NECSI, Nashua, NH, 02/06/9-14
      14. International Conference SocioPhysics, ZIF - Bielefeld, Germany, 02/06/06-09
      15. 2nd International Conference on Development and Learning (ICDL'02), MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts USA, 02/06/12-15
      16. 7th International Conference on Music Perception & Cognition - ICMPC7, Sydney, 02/07/17-21
      17. Self-Organisation and Evolution of Social Behaviour, Monte Verità, Switzerland, 02/09/08-13
      18. Complex Systems (CS02) Complexity with Agent-based Modelling, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan, 02/09/10-12
      19. 3rd Intl NAISO Symposium on Engineering Of Intelligent Systems (EIS 20020), Malaga, Spain, 02/09/24-27
      20. ACRI 2002, 5th Intl Conf on Cellular Automata for Research and Industry, Geneva, Switzerland, 02/10/09-11
      21. Artificial Life VIII, UNSW, Sydney, Australia, 02/12/09-13


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