Complexity Digest 2002.30

29-Jul-2002

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Content

  1. The Emergence Of Humans: The Coevolution Of Intelligence And Longevity, PNAS
    1. Interview With a Humanoid, NYTimes
    2. Longevity: Don't Hold Your Breath, Nature
    3. Calorie Restriction Extends Lifespan By Increasing Respiration, Nature
  2. Why We're So Nice: We're Wired to Cooperate, NYTimes
  3. Developmental Biology: Decisions, Decisions!, Nature
  4. Tweaking Single Gene Makes Mice Brainier, Scientific American
    1. Missized Mutants Help Identify Organ Tailors, Science
    2. Regulation of Cerebral Cortical Size by Control of Cell Cycle Exit in Neural Precursors, Science
  5. Eat Up Your Vaccine: Plant Extracts Provide Measles Immunity On A Plate, Nature Science update
    1. Implants Fight Back, Nature Science update
  6. Quantum Physics: Survival Of The Entangled, Nature
    1. Quantum Cryptography: Can You Keep A Secret?, Nature
  7. Supervised Training Using An Unsupervised Approach To Active Learning, Neural Process. Lett.
  8. Quantitative Neuroanatomy And Neuroinformatics, Network: Comput. Neural Syst.
  9. The World's Water: 2002-2003, Pacific Institute Press Release
    1. "New Economy of Water" Examines Privatization's Dangers, Pacific Institute Press Release
  10. The Technology Secrets of Cocaine Inc., Business 2.0
  11. With False Numbers, Data Crunchers Try to Mine the Truth, NYTimes
  12. Just-In-Time Strategy For A Turbulent World, The McKinsey Quarterly
    1. Loosening Up: How Process Networks Unlock The Power Of Specialization, The McKinsey Quarterly
  13. Two-Level Evolution of Foraging Agent Communities, Biosystems
    1. Symbolic Dynamics for Discrete Adaptive Games, arXiv
  14. The BlueTooth Question, DarwinMag
    1. JPEG Patent Claim Sparks Concern, Wired
  15. Why Countries Make Sites Unseen, Wired
    1. Meet the Nigerian E-Mail Grifters, Wired
  16. Chaotic Mixing Deep In The Lung, PNAS
    1. Breathing Causes Chaos, Nature Sc. Update
  17. A Pesticide-Parasite Role In Frogs' Deformities, The Washington Post
  18. Space Rock 'On Collision Course, BBC News report
    1. Ghostly Asteroids Clue To Missing Matter, U. Melbourne news release
  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks
    1. Fundamentals of Distributed, Networked Military Forces, NUWC-NPT Technical Report
    2. Standing Watch, Washington Post
    3. Mail-Order Molecules Brew a Terrorism Debate, Washington Post
    4. Flaws in U.S. Air War Left Hundreds of Civilians Dead, NYTimes
    5. Citizen Padilla: Dangerous Precedents, A Cato Daily Commentary
    6. Greater Focus Needed in Homeland Agency, Newsday
  20. Links & Snippets
    1. Other Publications
    2. Webcast Announcements
    3. Conference Announcements
    4. Position Announcement

  1. The Emergence Of Humans: The Coevolution Of Intelligence And Longevity, PNAS Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: Two striking differences between humans and our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and gorillas, are the size of our brains (larger by a factor of three or four) and our life span (longer by a factor of about two). Our thesis is that these two distinctive features of humans are products of coevolutionary selection. The large human brain is an investment with initial costs and later rewards, which coevolved with increased energy allocations to survival. Not only does this theory help explain life history variation among primates and its extreme evolution in humans; it also provides new insight into the evolution of longevity in other biological systems

    1. Interview With a Humanoid, NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: In a secret, locked barn near DeForest, five black-and-white calves look up from their hay with huge, friendly eyes. No. 313 approaches, as if to grant an interview, for these are not the ordinary bovines they seem - all five are part human.

      The five calves are clones, which is eerie enough. In addition, human DNA was added to their genetic makeup when they were embryos.

      Their DNA is still more than 99.9 percent bovine, less than 0.1 percent human, ((...)).


    2. Longevity: Don't Hold Your Breath, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts:  (...) rats fed a diet containing 30-50% fewer calories live for four years instead of the normal three. 'Calorie restriction' (CR) has since been shown to extend the lifespan of species ranging from unicellular yeast, to worms and flies, and certain mammals2. (...) Lin et al. have discovered that CR increases lifespan in yeast by turning up the rate of respiration by a factor of three. This finding challenges the traditional view that CR extends lifespan by decreasing metabolism and the associated production of damaging free-radical forms of oxygen.


    3. Calorie Restriction Extends Lifespan By Increasing Respiration, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Is the metabolic shift toward respiration required for CR [Calorie restriction, Ed.] -mediated lifespan extension? If so, elimination of electron transport ought to prevent the extension in lifespan. Thus, the gene encoding cytochrome c1, CYT1, was deleted, and lifespan analysis was performed (...). Calorie restriction failed to extend lifespan in the cyt1 mutant, suggesting that the metabolic shift toward respiration is necessary for lifespan extension mediated by CR.

      We then investigated whether the metabolic shift toward respiration is sufficient for increased lifespan.


  2. Why We're So Nice: We're Wired to Cooperate, NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Hard as it may be to believe in these days of infectious greed and sabers unsheathed, scientists have discovered that the small, brave act of cooperating with another person, of choosing trust over cynicism, generosity over selfishness, makes the brain light up with quiet joy.

    Studying neural activity in young women who were playing a classic laboratory game called the Prisoner's Dilemma, (...), researchers found that when the women chose mutualism over "me-ism," the mental circuitry normally associated with reward-seeking behavior swelled to life.


  3. Developmental Biology: Decisions, Decisions!, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: One of the most contentious issues in biology today is whether a stem cell from an adult tissue, committed to generate a few specialized cell types, can be 'reprogrammed' to produce many more. Pushing the envelope, some have even suggested that an adult cell might be persuaded to give rise to eggs and sperm1 - our precious germ cells, which together can generate a complete organism. But there are still huge lacunae in our knowledge of the processes we are trying to reverse.

  4. Tweaking Single Gene Makes Mice Brainier, Scientific American Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Scientists have succeeded in making brainier mice. Whether the animals were actually smarter remains unknown, but their cerebral cortex surface area was significantly larger than that of normal mice. (...), may help explain how human brains came to be disproportionately large compared to those of other species.

    As the largest structure in the brain, the cerebral cortex harbors two-thirds of the brain's neurons in a thin layer. In humans the cortex folds in on itself in order to fit inside the skull, giving the brain a unique, wrinkled topography.


    1. Missized Mutants Help Identify Organ Tailors, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: When is an organ big enough? Two studies (...) point to genes that might optimize size in parts of the nervous system

      Of all the mysteries of developmental biology, few are as perplexing as how tissues know when to stop growing. How does a mouse's heart or a horse's lung attain a form big enough to do its job but small enough not to crowd other organs? Scientists have a few theories about what mechanisms the body uses to grow perfectly proportioned fingers, stomachs, and hearts, but most remain untested.


    2. Regulation of Cerebral Cortical Size by Control of Cell Cycle Exit in Neural Precursors, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Transgenic mice (...) enlarged brains with increased cerebral cortical surface area and folds resembling sulci and gyri of higher mammals. Brains from transgenic animals have enlarged lateral ventricles (...), reflecting an expansion of the precursor population. Compared with wild-type precursors, a greater proportion of transgenic precursors reenter the cell cycle after mitosis. These results show that b-catenin can function in the decision of precursors to proliferate or differentiate during mammalian neuronal development and suggest that b -catenin can regulate cerebral cortical size by controlling the generation of neural precursor cells.


  5. Eat Up Your Vaccine: Plant Extracts Provide Measles Immunity On A Plate, Nature Science update Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: Lettuce might replace booster shots in the next generation of vaccines. Researchers have raised the immunity of mice to measles by feeding them a booster vaccine derived from plants1.

    The study is a step towards an edible measles vaccine for developing countries that would not require refrigeration or skilled medical personnel to deliver jabs. Measles is one of the most contagious human viruses, and kills an estimated 800,000 people a year, predominantly African infants.


    1. Implants Fight Back, Nature Science update Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Polymers that suppress an immune response could make medical implants last longer, researchers have found1. The body is less likely to attack implants whose surface is wettable by water, or that bear a negative electrical charge, experiments in rats suggest.

      Sometimes our bodies don't know what is good for them. The moment a hip or knee replacement or a bone suture is placed inside the body, our cells recognize it as foreign and try to destroy it.


  6. Quantum Physics: Survival Of The Entangled, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: The key contribution of Altewischer et al.1 is to show that entanglement can survive even when one (or both) of the entangled photons is converted into a 'surface plasmon' and then back into a photon. Surface plasmons are oscillating electromagnetic fields, strongly localized at the surface of a metal and associated with the collective motion of a large number of electrons(...) Altewischer and colleagues found that, although many photons are lost as a result of absorption in the metal film, some survive and, amazingly, are still entangled.

    1. Quantum Cryptography: Can You Keep A Secret?, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Last October, a group of physicists at the University of Geneva in Switzerland launched a company called id Quantique, which will supply a system integrating the cryptography hardware - photon sources and detectors, and fibre-optic connections - needed to exchange keys. In March this year, they used the system to send single photons through 67-km telecommunication cables running under Lake Geneva6. "The system is very stable, and has the potential to be very fast," says Nicolas Gisin, a member of the team.


  7. Supervised Training Using An Unsupervised Approach To Active Learning, Neural Process. Lett. Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: Active learning algorithms allow neural networks to dynamically take part in the selection of the most informative training patterns. This paper introduces a new approach to active learning, which combines an unsupervised clustering of training data with a pattern selection approach based on sensitivity analysis. Training data is clustered into groups of similar patterns based on Euclidean distance, and the most informative pattern from each cluster is selected for training using the sensitivity analysis incremental learning (...). Experimental results show that the clustering approach improves on standard active learning (...).

  8. Quantitative Neuroanatomy And Neuroinformatics, Network: Comput. Neural Syst. Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Advances in this field will: (i) result in more powerful data acquisition and processing facilities; (ii) improve shape resolution in 3D morphological reconstruction; (iii) enhance the power of quantitative shape analysis; (iv) improve algorithmic tools to synthesize neuronal morphological complexity in greater detail; (v) further our understanding of the functional role of dendritic geometrical details in neuronal information processing; (vi) increase our ability to integrate neuronal morphological data with other neuroscience data;  (...) these advances in quantitative neuroanatomy will make an important contribution to our understanding of how the brain is built and how it works.

  9. The World's Water: 2002-2003, Pacific Institute Press Release Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: ore than a billion people still lack access to clean drinking water. Thousands die every day from water-related diseases. Without a new approach to solving this crisis, the death toll could reach as high as 107 million people by 2020. The "soft path" for water can save lives and money while protecting the environment by pushing us to rethink what we use water for and how we use it. This new approach can also help defuse water-related conflicts and reduce the risk that global warming will play havoc with the world's supply of fresh water.

    1. "New Economy of Water" Examines Privatization's Dangers, Pacific Institute Press Release Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: We do not think the trend toward globalization and privatization of fresh water can be stopped, nor do we think it has to be. In some places and in some circumstances, letting private companies take responsibility for some aspects of water provision or management may help millions of poor people receive access to basic water services.

      However, there is little doubt that the headlong rush toward private markets has failed to address some of the most important issues and concerns about water. In particular, water has vital social, cultural, and ecological roles to play that cannot be protected by purely market forces.


  10. The Technology Secrets of Cocaine Inc., Business 2.0 Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: The mainframe was loaded with custom-written data-mining software. It cross-referenced the Cali phone exchange's traffic with the phone numbers of American personnel and Colombian intelligence and law enforcement officials. The computer was essentially conducting a perpetual internal mole-hunt of the cartel's organizational chart. "They could correlate phone numbers, personalities, locations -- any way you want to cut it," says the former director of a law enforcement agency. "Santacruz could see if any of his lieutenants were spilling the beans."

  11. With False Numbers, Data Crunchers Try to Mine the Truth, NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: People give false answers to protect their privacy. Then, because the data is so unreliable, companies can't use it to help them run their businesses.

    Two I.B.M. researchers have devised software that seeks to get around this information age impasse. Rakesh Agrawal and Ramakrishnan Srikant, computer scientists at the I.B.M. Almaden Research Center in San Jose, Calif., have devised a data-mining program that would cloak individual truthful answers that people might enter once their trust was won but still recover important characteristics of the overall group.


  12. Just-In-Time Strategy For A Turbulent World, The McKinsey Quarterly Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Uncertainty and rising levels of risk make it impossible for companies to determine the future. But a portfolio-of-initiatives approach to strategy can help ensure that companies take full advantage of their best opportunities without taking unnecessary risks.

    What if it is no longer possible to block out the "noise" of the world's messy reality?

    In fact, this is the confusing, complex, and uncertain environment that corporate leaders now face. Globalization and technology are sweeping away the market and industry structures that have historically defined the nature of competition.


    1. Loosening Up: How Process Networks Unlock The Power Of Specialization, The McKinsey Quarterly Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: In the quest for higher performance, what company can ignore the benefits of partnering with business specialists and of outsourcing noncore activities to focused providers? The virtues of business collaboration are clear: innovation and efficiency. Most companies seem to think that the right way to structure outsourcing is equally clear: tightly managing, across corporate boundaries, the process of producing and delivering products or services. Yet most companies also admit that such arrangements involve trade-offs. Tightly coupled processes are often inflexible.


  13. Two-Level Evolution of Foraging Agent Communities, Biosystems Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: This paper presents simulation results of artificial foraging agent communities. The goal of each agent in the community is to find food. Once a food source is found, agents eat portions of it and carry some other portions to the nest (in a manner similar to ants) until the food is depleted. Agents may also communicate food positions when they are near each other. They are given a set of genes that control several characteristics, such as their activity, memory, scepticism, lying, etc. These genes are recombined and propagated by means of sexual reproduction. When one nest is superpopulated with agents, it can break in two nests. Agents can communicate only with those belonging to the same nest, which gives rise to emergent situations of competition and Cupertino between the agents in the same nest, as well as competition between different nests. Other emergent phenomena such as the propagation of rumours are also studied.

    1. Symbolic Dynamics for Discrete Adaptive Games, arXiv Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Abstract: We use symbolic dynamics to study discrete adaptive games, such as the minority game and the El Farol Bar problem. We show that no such game can have deterministic chaos. We put upper bounds on the statistical complexity and period of these games; the former is at most linear in the number agents and the size of their memories. We extend our results to cases where the players have infinite-duration memory (they are still non-chaotic) and to cases where there is "noise" in the play (leaving the complexity unchanged or even reduced). We conclude with a mechanism that can reconcile our findings with the phenomenology, and some advice for those interested in simple models of mutual adaptation.

  14. The BlueTooth Question, DarwinMag Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: We live in a world where our devices can't get along. And we can't agree on a way to get them talking to each other, either. ((...)) So, short term it looks like BlueTooth is going to implant itself successfully in our offices and portable devices. WiFi we know is already in place as a de facto standard. Longer term, perhaps WiFi will edge down into the BlueTooth market, and BlueTooth will persevere where battery size and life matters above all; as computers become more pervasive (and invasive), that end of the market will grow in numbers as it drops in per unit cost.

    1. JPEG Patent Claim Sparks Concern, Wired Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Government examiners first issued the patent, which covers a "coding system for reducing redundancy" to a San Jose, California, company called Compression Labs. The approval came more than a decade before the digital imaging technology known as JPEG reached mass-market popularity.

      Sixteen years later, however, the Austin, Texas, software developer that now owns the patents is seeing fresh value in an old document. The company, Forgent Networks, says the patent directly applies to a compression technique used in the creation of JPEG images.


  15. Why Countries Make Sites Unseen, Wired Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: But only a few regimes -- notably, Vietnam, China and the United Arab Emirates -- actually attempt to filter their entire national Internet traffic,(...)

    China blocked the website of The New York Times for years until its editors had the opportunity to complain directly to President Jiang Zemin(...)

    In addition to filtering, the government in China is also pushing content providers to self-censor. Yahoo's Chinese language site is among the portals that recently signed a pledge not to publish "pernicious information that may jeopardize state security and disrupt social stability."


    1. Meet the Nigerian E-Mail Grifters, Wired Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: She's a widow, he's a high-ranking government official. They have fallen on hard times and urgently request your assistance to get a large sum of money out of Nigeria. They will reward you handsomely for your help.

      Chances are you've seen something like that in your e-mail box. Perhaps in a bored moment you've wondered who sends them and why they bother; after all, no one could be gullible enough to buy into such an obvious con game.


  16. Chaotic Mixing Deep In The Lung, PNAS Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: (...) we apply the recently discovered fluid mechanical phenomenon of irreversible low-Reynolds number flow to the lung. We demonstrate, through flow visualization studies in rhythmically ventilated rat lungs, that such a foundation is false, and that chaotic mixing may be key to aerosol transport. We found substantial alveolar flow irreversibility with stretched and folded fractal patterns, which lead to a sudden increase in mixing. These findings support our theory that chaotic alveolar flow (...) governs gas kinematics in the lung periphery, and hence the transport, mixing, and ultimately the deposition of fine aerosols.
    • Chaotic Mixing Deep In The Lung, Akira Tsuda, Rick A. Rogers, Peter E. Hydon, James P. Butler, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2002 July 23; 99(15): p. 10173-10178

    1. Breathing Causes Chaos, Nature Sc. Update Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Adding a curing agent solidified these fluids quite suddenly an hour later. Once solidified, the fluids preserved a snapshot of how they were mixed (...). The liquids quickly became highly mixed. Slices of the polymerized lung revealed a turbulent, chaotic swirling pattern of blue and white, even in airways just a few tenths of a millimetre across. This means that each packet of fluid in the flow takes a complex path and rapidly loses track of where it started. Any tiny particles suspended in the flow also lose their way and cannot easily escape from the lungs during exhalation.


  17. A Pesticide-Parasite Role In Frogs' Deformities, The Washington Post Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: Since the mid-1990s, scientists have been trying to figure out what has been causing frogs around the United States and Canada to become deformed. Little progress has been made in sorting out which deformities result from infections by a tiny, aquatic parasite and which, if any, are being caused by wetland contamination from chemicals that might threaten other life forms, including people.

    Now, research suggests that for at least some outbreaks, both factors could be involved -- and acting in concert.


  18. Space Rock 'On Collision Course, BBC News report Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: An asteroid discovered just weeks ago has become the most threatening object yet detected in space.

    A preliminary orbit suggests that 2002 NT7 is on an impact course with Earth and could strike the planet on 1 February, 2019 - although the uncertainties are large.

    Astronomers have given the object a rating on the so-called Palermo technical scale of threat of 0.06, making NT7 the first object to be given a positive value.

    From its brightness, astronomers estimate it is about two kilometres wide, large enough to cause continent-wide devastation on Earth.


    1. Ghostly Asteroids Clue To Missing Matter, U. Melbourne news release Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Astronomers have lost thousands of comets. A University of Melbourne physicist thinks they may still be there, just invisible and some of them potentially on a collision course with Earth.

      Dr Robert Foot suggests that many of the missing comets could be made of an exotic material called 'mirror matter', a new type of invisible matter that a small group of physicists believe could be the elusive 'dark matter'. Dark matter is considered the cosmic scaffolding that makes up most of the universe, but nobody can identify it.


  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Fundamentals of Distributed, Networked Military Forces, NUWC-NPT Technical Report Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: "What you see in the airport has nothing to do with security. This is the biggest presentation of eyewash that you could possibly imagine," says Charles Slepian of the New York-based Foreseeable Risk Analysis. (...)

      According to Slepian and many other experts, the system of random checking is neither efficient nor effective. Precious resources are being wasted, Slepian says, by detailed screening of mass numbers of travelers who are unlikely to pose a threat, by screeners not qualified to look for terrorists.


    2. Standing Watch, Washington Post Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: But last week's announcement that scientists in New York had used the company's mail-order molecules to make polioviruses from scratch has prompted questions about whether the DNA synthesis industry deserves closer scrutiny, (...).

      For decades the United States and other nations have sought to limit the risk of biological warfare and bioterrorism by placing controls on the cultivation and shipment of dangerous microbes. The new work threatens to undermine that approach by proving for the first time that potentially deadly viruses can be built from the ground up.


    3. Mail-Order Molecules Brew a Terrorism Debate, Washington Post Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The American air campaign in Afghanistan, based on a high-tech, out-of-harm's-way strategy, has produced a pattern of mistakes that have killed hundreds of Afghan civilians.

      On-site reviews of 11 locations where airstrikes killed as many as 400 civilians suggest that American commanders have sometimes relied on mistaken information from local Afghans. (...)

      The Pentagon often relies on information from warlords and other Afghans whose loyalties are unclear in a country riven by decades of war and tribal rivalries.


    4. Flaws in U.S. Air War Left Hundreds of Civilians Dead, NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: Jose Padilla, a.k.a. Abdullah al-Muhajir, supposedly plotted to build and detonate a radiological "dirty bomb." He is a U.S. citizen. Yet he's being detained by the military -- indefinitely, without seeing an attorney, even though he hasn't been charged with any crime. Yaser Esam Hamdi is also a U.S. citizen. He, too, is being detained by the military -- indefinitely, without seeing an attorney, even though he hasn't been charged with any crime. Meanwhile, Zacarias Moussaoui, purportedly the 20th hijacker, is not a U.S. citizen.


    5. Citizen Padilla: Dangerous Precedents, A Cato Daily Commentary Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: The president proposed merging 22 agencies into what would be the third largest Cabinet department. Congressional hearings during past weeks demonstrate increasing doubt about many aspects of this proposal. A top concern is that too many agencies are being shifted around, with too little thought about how this gigantic merger can be managed without losing critical focus on defeating a terrorist threat that remains both real and urgent. Senators and representatives from both parties also worry about what would happen to the many non-homeland security functions (...).


    6. Greater Focus Needed in Homeland Agency, Newsday Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: The future distributed, networked system will typically have a large number of elements. Although elements can individually perform the basic functions as defined above, interesting collective behavior begins even when the number of elements is more than two. More complex behaviors develop as the number of elements grows, and networks of tens of elements can exhibit very intricate interactions. Extraordinarily nonlinear "tipping points" can occur when some systems have about 500 elements, but, importantly, the tipping point can disappear with somewhat fewer elements.


  20. Links & Snippets Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Other Publications Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Concentration fluctuations in a mesoscopic oscillating chemical reaction system, Hong Qian, Saveez Saffarian, Elliot L. Elson, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA published 17 July 2002, 10.1073/pnas.152007599
      2. Excessive Recruitment Of Neural Systems Subserving Logical Reasoning In Schizophrenia, N. F. Ramsey, H. A. M. Koning, P. Welles, W. Cahn, J. A. van der, Linden, R. S. Kahn, Brain 2002 August 1; 125(8): p. 1793-1807
      3. Medical Economics and the Assessment of Value in Cardiovascular Medicine: Part I, Daniel B. Mark, Mark A. Hlatky, Circulation 2002 July 23; 106(4): p. 516-520
      4. Notes on Complexity, Ralph Abraham, Visual Math Institute, 02/07, Including History, Bibliography, Glossary, Chronology, ...
      5. Classification of Random Boolean Networks , Carlos Gershenson, CogPrints, (to be published in Proc. Artificial Life VIII) 2002, Use/Download RBNLab
      6. Behaviour-Based Knowledge Systems: An Epigenetic Path from Behaviour to Knowledge . C. Gershenson CogPrints.
      7. Symbolic Dynamics for Discrete Adaptive Games , Cosma Rohilla Shalizi and David J. Albers, arXiv Paper ID: cond-mat/0207407. 17-July-2002.
      8. Paraconsistency of Interactive Computation , Dina Goldin, Peter Wegner, arXiv Paper ID: cs.LO/0207074. 21-July-2002
      9. Complexity of Nested Circumscription and Nested Abnormality Theories . Marco Cadoli, Thomas Eiter, and Georg Gottlob, arXiv.
      10. Epidemic Thresholds on Scale-free Graphs: the Interplay Between Exponent and Preferential Choice . Ph. Blanchard, Ch.-H. Chang, T. Krueger, arXiv.
      11. Geography in a Scale-Free Network Model . C. P. Warren, L. M. Sander, I.M. Sokolov, arXiv.
      12. Statistics of Lead Changes in Popularity-Driven Systems . P. L. Krapivsky, S. Redner, arXiv.
      13. Filtering Information in a Connected Network . A. Capocci, F. Slanina, Y.-C. Zhang, arXiv.
      14. Scale-free Networks without Growth and Preferential Attachment: Good get Richer . G. Caldarelli, A. Capocci, P. De Los Rios, M.A. Munoz, arXiv.
      15. Excess Demand Financial Market Model . Fredrick Michael, John Evans, M.D. Johnson, arXiv.
      16. Efficient Immunization of Populations and Computers . Reuven Cohen, Daniel ben-Avraham, Shlomo Havlin, arXiv.
      17. Single Curve Collapse of the Price Impact Function for the New York Stock Exchange . Fabrizio Lillo, J. Doyne Farmer, Rosario N. Mantegna, arXiv.
      18. Reverse Egineering of Regulatory Networks: Simulation  Studies on a Genetic Algorithm Approach for Ranking Hypotheses, Dirk Repsilber, Hans Liljenström and Siv G. E. Anderssona, Biosystems, In Press, 2002.
      19. Self-selected Modular Recurrent Neural Networks with Postural and Inertial Subnetworks Applied to Complex Movements, Jean-Philippe Draye, Jack M. Winters, Guy Cheron, Biological Cybernetics, Vol. 87 Issue 1, 2002 pp 27-39
      20. Linear combinations of nonlinear models for predicting Human-machine Interface Forces, James L. Patton, Ferdinando A. Mussa-Ivaldi , Biological Cybernetics, Vol. 86 Issue 1, 2002 pp 73-87
      21. Navy Cleared To Use A Sonar Despite Fears Of Injuring Whales, Marc Kaufman, The Washington Post, 7/16/02
      22. Baby Whale Sometimes Following Other Whales; Sometimes Swimming Alone, Peggy Anderson, The Associated Press, 7/16/02
      23. The Sun: A Great Ball Of Iron?, ScienceDaily, 07/17/2002
      24. Computer Scientists Help Create Fireworks Of Your Dreams, ScienceDaily, 06/28/2002
      25. Discovery Could Lead To Faster, Smaller, Cheaper Computer Chips, ScienceDaily, 06/20/2002
      26. Gene May Bias Amygdala Response To Frightful Faces, ScienceDaily, 07/22/2002
      27. Gene's Effect Seen in Brain's Fear Response, Greg Miller, Science 2002 297: 319
      28. Prediction Of Triple-Orbital Diversity Performance In Earth-Space Communication, A. D. Panagopoulos, J. D. Kanellopoulos, Int. J. of Satellite Communications, Vol. 20, Issue 3, 2002, pp:187-200.

         

      1. "What watch?. such much!", Complexity and evolution of circadian clocks, Roenneberg T, Merrow M. Related Articles , Cell Tissue Res. 2002 Jul;309(1):3-9. PMID: 12111532
      2. The complexity of trauma to the cranio-cervical junction: correlation of clinical presentation with Doppler flow velocities in the v3-segment of the vertebral arteries., Reddy M, Reddy B, Schoggl A, Saringer W, Matula Ch. , Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2002 Jun;144(6):575-80., PMID: 12111490
      3. [Visual perception of Japanese characters and complicated figures: developmental changes of visual P300 event-related potentials], Sata Y, Inagaki M, Shirane S, Kaga M., No To Hattatsu. 2002 Jul;34(4):300-6. Japanese., PMID: 12134680
      4. Emerging Resistance To Antibiotics Against Respiratory Bacteria: Impact On Therapy Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia In Children, Esposito S, Principi N., Drug Resist Updat. 2002 Apr;5(2):73-87, PMID: 12135583
      5. Size And Complexity Of The Nuclear Genome Of The Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Paxillus Involutus, Le Quere A, Johansson T, Tunlid A., Fungal Genet Biol. 2002 Aug;36(3):234-41, PMID: 12135579

         


    2. Webcast Announcements Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Brookings Report Urges Congress to Revise President Bush's Homeland Security Proposal, A Brookings Press Briefing, 02/07/15, Event Video
      2. International Conference on Complex Systems (ICCS2002), Nashua, NH, 02/06/09-14 (video + mp3 downloadable audio)
      3. Understanding Complex Systems: Symposium Complexity in Physical and Biological Structures, Medicine & Ecology, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 02/05/13-15
      4. ROBOT: The Future of Flesh and Machine, Rodney A. Brooks, MIT AI Lab, Talk given at the School of Cognitive and Computing Sciences of the University of Sussex, May 14th, 2002.
      5. Introducing Complexity, The University of Liverpool ,02/04/24, (mp3 web-cast and audio download, contributed by Carlos Gershenson)
      6. Dean LeBaron's Archive of Daily Video Commentary, Ongoing Since February 1998

    3. Conference Announcements Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Mental Research Institute 2002 Summer Conference, San Mateo, CA, 02/07/26-27
      2. 20th System Dynamics Conference: Organizational Change Dynamics - Understanding Systems, Managing Transformation, Palermo, Italy, 02/07/28-08/01
      3. Complexity and Philosophy, Norwood, Massachusetts, USA, 02/07/29-30
      4. Workshop On Fluctuations Chaos And Complexity In Multistable Systems, Lancaster University, 02/08/01-07
      5. 12th Ann Intl Conf Society For Chaos Theory in Psychology & Life Sciences: Chaos and Complexity in a Changing World, Portland, OR, USA, 02/08/01-04
      6. FROM ANIMALS TO ANIMATS 7 The Seventh International Conference on the SIMULATION OF ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR (SAB'02), Edinburgh, UK, 02/08/04-11
      7. New Directions in Dynamical Systems, Kyoto, Japan, 02/08/05-15
      8. International Workshop on Meta-Synthesis and Complex Systems, Shanghai, China, 02/08/07-08
      9. International Workshop on Biologically Inspired Robotics: The Legacy of W. Grey Walter, Bristol, UK, 02/08/14-16
      10. Transforming Government: Challenges, Strategies, Programs, McLean, VA, August 22-23, 2002
      11. 7th Experimental Chaos Conference, San Diego, USA, 02/08/25-29
      12. Econophysics Conference, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, 02/08/29-31
      13. Self-Organisation and Evolution of Social Behaviour, Monte Verità, Switzerland, 02/09/08-13
      14. Complex Systems (CS02) Complexity with Agent-Based Modeling, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan, 02/09/10-12
      15. 3rd Intl NAISO Symposium on Engineering Of Intelligent Systems (EIS 20020), Malaga, Spain, 02/09/24-27
      16. Seminar on Non-equilibrium Phenomena and Phase Transitions in Complex Systems, Avila, Spain, 02/09/24-28.
      17. ACRI 2002, 5th Intl Conf on Cellular Automata for Research and Industry, Geneva, Switzerland, 02/10/09-11 
      18. Dynamical Systems Methods for Advanced Diagnosis and Prognosis, 39th Annual Technical Meeting of the Society of Engineering Science, University Park, Pennsylvania, 02/10/13-16
      19. 4th Asia-Pacific Conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning (SEAL'02), 9th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP'02), International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD'02), Singapore, 02/11/18-22
      20. International Conference on Systems, Development and Self-Organization (ICSDS'2002 ),Beijing, 02/11/30-12/01
      21. Managing the Complex IV, Naples , FL, Early December 2002
      22. Artificial Life VIII, UNSW, Sydney, Australia, 02/12/09-13
        1. 1st Workshop on the Modelling of Dynamical Hierarchies in Alife (WDH 2002)
      23. Hawaii International Conference On System Sciences (HICSS-36), Big Island, Hawaii, 03/01/06-09
      24. INSC 2003, International Nonlinear Sciences Conference Research and Applications in the Life Sciences,Vienna, Austria, 03/02/07-09
      25. 21st ICDE World Conference on Open Learning and Distance Education, Hong Kong, 03/06/01-05

    4. Position Announcement Bookmark and Share

      Staff Memberposition available, Modeling, Algorithms, and Informatics Group (CCS-3), Los Alamos National Laboratory, (...) Current areas of focus relevant to this job include cybersecurity, intelligence analysis for homeland defense, object/target recognition, document classification, bionetwork identification and bio-ontology systems, knowledge network analysis, and collaboration and recommendation technology for digital libraries.
      • Luis Mateus Rocha, Complex Systems Research, MS B256, Los Alamos, NM, (505) 665-1676

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