Complexity Digest 2004.20

17-May-2004

Complexity Digest Virtual Conference Network

International Conference on Complex Systems 2004 (ICCS2004), Boston, MA, 04/05/16-21

http://www.comdig2.de/conf/iccs04

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Content

  1. Natural-Born Dualists, Edge.org
  2. Where the Jobs Are, NY Times
    1. The Power of Why, Darwin Observer
    2. No More Meetings!, Darwin Observer
  3. The Measurement Of Intellectual Influence, Econometrica
  4. Universal Ideals And Particular Constraints Of Social Citizenship: The Chinese Experience, Int. J. Social Welfare
  5. In the Arts, Tech for Tech's Sake Can't Compete With Originality, NY Times
  6. Social Protection: Values To Be Defended!, Int. Social Security Rev.
  7. The Antisocial Hormone, NewScientist
    1. Cognitive Inflexibility After Prefrontal Serotonin Depletion, Science
    2. Periodic Signaling Controlled by an Oscillatory Circuit, Science
  8. Advantages Of Having A Lateralized Brain, Alphagalileo & Biol. Lett.
    1. Words In The Brain: Reading Program Spurs Neural Rewrite In Kids, Science News
  9. Zif and the Survival of Memory, Science
    1. Locating a New Step in Pain's Pathway, Science
    2. Memory Consolidation And Forgetting During Sleep: A Neural Network, Neural Proce. Lett.
  10. A Visualisation Concept of Dynamic Signalling Networks, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
  11. The Complexity Of Symmetry-Breaking Formulas, Math. & Artificial Intell.
  12. Building Character, Wrinkle by Wrinkle, in a 3-D World, NY Times
    1. Computerized Clothes, NY Times
    2. Robot to Hubble's Rescue?, NPR ME
  13. Human Genetics: An Inflammatory Issue, Nature
    1. Genomics in the Immune System, Clinical Immunology
  14. Essence of Life and Multiformity of its Realization: Expected Signatures of Life, Advances in Space Research
  15. Domains of Diversity
    1. Biomechanics: Fast Fish, Nature
  16. Colloids as Big Atoms, Science
  17. Candidates Face Sprawling and Complex Electoral Map, NY Times
    1. Voting Technology Update, NPR TOTN
  18. A 'Clear ... System Failure', Christian Science Monitor
    1. Commanders Share Blame in Iraq Prisoner Abuse, NPR ME
    2. Abuse Of Iraqis 'Well Thought Through', NewScientist
    3. Harsh C.I.A. Methods Cited in Top Qaeda Interrogations, NY Times
    4. General Took Guantánamo Rules to Iraq for Handling of Prisoners, NYTimes
  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks
    1. Terror in the Name of God', c-span
    2. Judge Allows Peek Into Challenge to Antiterrorism Law, NYTimes
    3. From '9-11' to the Iraq War - Intl Law in An Age of Complexity, Oxford
  20. Links & Snippets
    1. Other Publications
    2. Webcast Announcements
    3. Conference & Call for Papers Announcements
  1. Natural-Born Dualists, Edge.org Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Our dualistic conception isn't an airy intellectual thing; it is common sense, and rooted in a phenomenological experience. We do not feel that we are material things, physical bodies. (...) Instead, we feel as if we occupy our bodies. We possess them. We own them. Because of this, we talk about my brain, or my body, using the same language of possession that we use when we talk about my car, or my child. These are things that we possess, that we are intimately related to-but not what we are.
  2. Where the Jobs Are, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Over the past decade the biggest employment gains came in occupations that rely on people skills and emotional intelligence - like nurse and lawyer - and among jobs that require imagination and creativity: designer, architect and photographer. But not all of the new jobs require advanced degrees or exceptional artistic talent; note the rise of employment for hair stylists and cosmetologists.

    Trying to preserve existing jobs will prove futile - trade and technology will transform the economy whether we like it not.

    1. The Power of Why, Darwin Observer Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: One of the most powerful words in the English language is why. When asked as an interrogatory, why has the power to change assumptions, preconceptions and mindsets. It has the power to initiate change as well as the power to affirm the right course. It is a word that should be used frequently but with great care. When used the proper way, it can be one of the most effective tools a leader can employ. And it's totally free.
    2. No More Meetings!, Darwin Observer Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Part of the problem with meetings stems from what some think a meeting can accomplish. For example, we know from recent research that good communication is the top skill for executives to succeed today. However, executives can fall into the trap of thinking that conducting a meeting where there is obvious sharing of information supplants the need for other communication.

      (...) "Clear documentation and good prioritization foster productive communication as much as any meeting does." However, sometimes meetings can he helpful to identify roles and responsibilities, getting an organization more in sync.

  3. The Measurement Of Intellectual Influence, Econometrica Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: This paper examines the problem of measuring intellectual influence based on data on citations between scholarly publications. We follow an axiomatic approach and find that the properties of invariance to reference intensity, weak homogeneity, weak consistency, and invariance to splitting of journals characterize a unique ranking method. This method is different from those regularly used in economics and other social sciences.
  4. Universal Ideals And Particular Constraints Of Social Citizenship: The Chinese Experience, Int. J. Social Welfare Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: This study looks at the perceptions of citizens in a modern Chinese society and explores whether social rights and responsibilities are unified at both ideal and practice levels. It finds that the conception that the Chinese have a weak image of social rights is no longer true. The Chinese are generally 'right-deficit' at the practice level. It is also found that there are wide gaps between ideal rights and practice rights, and between ideal responsibilities and practice responsibilities (...). Cultural, contextual and institutional factors are identified as moderating people's behaviour and preferences in regard to social citizenship.
  5. In the Arts, Tech for Tech's Sake Can't Compete With Originality, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: In 1990 I went to a discussion at the Guggenheim Museum on the potential wonders of fractal art, then all the rage. The main speaker was no less than Benoit Mandelbrot, who invented the theory, which offers mathematical explanations and formulas for irregular shapes and patterns in nature, and then generates further such shapes. (...)

    Theoretically, they represented the interrelation of large and small forms that lies at the heart of fractal geometry. (...) In other words, clever techniques and theories allied with hack artists produces hack art, (...).

  6. Social Protection: Values To Be Defended!, Int. Social Security Rev. Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: Social protection is a part of human rights. I therefore believe it is important to react to the many reproaches levelled at it, which are undermining its legitimacy. This involves defending social protection, first and foremost in the name of its mission, its fundamental objectives and, consequently, the values upon which it is founded. After briefly reviewing the content of these values, I emphasize the fact that they should be promoted and cultivated at least as much as the economic values that are dominant in the world today.
  7. The Antisocial Hormone, NewScientist Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Levels of testosterone in the womb may profoundly affect a person's social development. The latest in a series of studies suggests that children exposed to high levels in the womb are less developed socially and may also explain why men are four times as likely as women to suffer from autism. Although too small to be conclusive, the study's findings fit with the theory that autism is an extreme form of the male brain
    1. Cognitive Inflexibility After Prefrontal Serotonin Depletion, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Serotonergic dysregulation within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is implicated in many neuropsychiatric disorders, but the precise role of serotonin within the PFC is poorly understood. Using a serial discrimination reversal paradigm, we showed that upon reversal, selective serotonin depletion of the marmoset PFC produced perseverative responding to the previously rewarded stimulus without any significant effects on either retention of a discrimination learned preoperatively or acquisition of a novel discrimination postoperatively. These results highlight the importance of prefrontal serotonin in behavioral flexibility and are highly relevant to obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and the cognitive sequelae of drug abuse in which perseveration is prominent.
    2. Periodic Signaling Controlled by an Oscillatory Circuit, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Self-regulating systems often use robust oscillatory circuits. One such system controls the chemotactic signaling mechanism of Dictyostelium, where pulses of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) are generated with a periodicity of 7 minutes. We have observed spontaneous oscillations in activation (...). Computer modeling and simulations of the underlying circuit faithfully account for the ability of the cells to spontaneously generate periodic pulses during specific stages of development. Similar oscillatory processes may occur in cells of many different species.
  8. Advantages Of Having A Lateralized Brain, Alphagalileo & Biol. Lett. Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: Brain lateralization, the different functional specialisation of the left and right cerebral hemispheres, is wide spread in the animal world. However, despite its implications for higher order cognitive functions, no empirical evidence has been provided that it may confer any advantage to the functioning of the brain. We found in the domestic chick that brain lateralization is associated with an enhanced ability to perform two tasks simultaneously, finding food and being vigilant for predators. This finding suggests that cerebral lateralization enhances brain efficiency in cognitive tasks that demand simultaneous but different use of both cerebral hemispheres.
    1. Words In The Brain: Reading Program Spurs Neural Rewrite In Kids, Science News Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: A new brain-imaging study indicates that a specially designed program for second and third graders deficient in reading boosts their reading skills while prodding their brains to respond to written material in the same way that the brains of good readers do. The same investigation found that the remedial instruction typically offered to poor readers in the nation's schools doesn't improve their skills and fails to ignite activity in brain areas that have been linked to effective reading.
  9. Zif and the Survival of Memory, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: (...) strong evidence for reconsolidation of memories is still lacking. Reconsolidation is thought to strengthen the "neuronal traces" of memories reactivated by exposure to the original context in which they were acquired, ensuring that the memories remain permanent. Without memory reconsolidation, it is thought that reactivated memories, which become labile, may be lost (extinction).

    The evidence for memory reconsolidation to date rests mainly on the fact that infusion of (...) at the time of testing for memory retrieval hinders retrieval in a subsequent test session.

    1. Locating a New Step in Pain's Pathway, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Previously, pain sensitization, or hyperalgesia, was thought to be due predominantly to changes at the inflamed sites themselves, but recent evidence suggests that alterations in the spinal cord are even more important. The new findings now confirm that; they show that the glycine receptor is the target of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a pain-sensitizing signaling molecule. "They identified a specific component that shows how this [pain sensitization] system works," (...) also has evidence that PGE2 acts in the spinal cord.
    2. Memory Consolidation And Forgetting During Sleep: A Neural Network, Neural Proce. Lett. Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Abstract: Experimental research with humans and animals suggests that sleep - particularly REM sleep - is, in some way, associated with learning. However, the nature of the association and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. (...) use a modified version of a Hopfield network to model the possible contribution of sleep to memory consolidation. Sleep is simulated by removing all sensory input to the network and by exposing it to a 'noise' (...). The results show that simulated sleep does indeed contribute to learning and that the relationship between the observed effect and the length of simulated sleep can be represented by a U-shaped curve.
  10. A Visualisation Concept of Dynamic Signalling Networks, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: Cellular processes and pathways are typically delineated in arrow diagrams to depict the relationship between the individual genes or proteins. These simplifications neglect the complexity and non-linearity of cellular regulatory networks. In this review, a three-dimensional (3D) visualisation model is presented that can be helpful in understanding the non-linear behaviour and limited predictability of regulatory networks, as well as their organisation, stability, attractor states, and evolution. A better understanding of the current views of large, complex scale-free networks can assist in planning and interpretation of high throughput microarray experiments.
  11. The Complexity Of Symmetry-Breaking Formulas, Math. & Artificial Intell. Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: Symmetry-breaking formulas for a constraint-satisfaction problem are satisfied by exactly one member (e.g., the lexicographic leader) from each set of "symmetrical points" in the search space. Thus, the incorporation of such formulas can accelerate the search for a solution without sacrificing satisfiability. We study the computational complexity of generating lex-leader formulas. We show, even for abelian symmetry groups, that the number of essential clauses in the "natural" lex-leader formula could be exponential.
    • Source: The Complexity Of Symmetry-Breaking Formulas, Luks E. M. - luksacs.uoregon.edu, Roy A. - aroyacs.bc.edu, DOI: 10.1023/B:AMAI.0000018578.92398.10, Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, May 2004
    • Contributed by Pritha Das - prithadas01ayahoo.com
  12. Building Character, Wrinkle by Wrinkle, in a 3-D World, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: In Hollywood action films are increasingly spun off into video games, game developers are facing more pressure to squeeze greater realism into their computer-generated characters and environments. (...)

    The improvements have been in the form of a 3-D graphics technique called normal mapping. (...), permits game designers to create finely detailed virtual worlds that can change as the game is played without overtaxing the computers and consoles that run them. (The word "normal" refers to a vector, or line, that defines which way one face of an object is pointing.)

    1. Computerized Clothes, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Fashion designers should have realized by now that there's so much more wearable computers could do.

      There's so much more wearable computers could do. We're thinking of a woman's all-purpose dress shoe that would be flat for the sidewalks but could grow a heel as high as four inches upon entry to a restaurant or cocktail party. Footwear for men could elevate in response to the presence of an extra-tall date, and pants legs respond by automatically lowering the hem.

    2. Robot to Hubble's Rescue?, NPR ME Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: NASA may try to launch an unprecedented robotic mission to service the Hubble space telescope. Administrator Sean O'Keefe says tests of the idea in recent months have been encouraging. NPR's David Kestenbaum reports.
  13. Human Genetics: An Inflammatory Issue, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: People vary naturally in a protein called caspase-12, and hence in their susceptibility to harmful inflammation. This discovery highlights the balance between the protective and destructive effects of immunity.

    Our immune systems are adept at warding off intruders, but often the very strength of the immune response can be a problem. (...) One manifestation of this danger is severe sepsis - (...) which is caused by an overreaction of the immune system to microorganisms or their products. Sepsis is thought to be mediated largely by messenger molecules called cytokines, (...).

    1. Genomics in the Immune System, Clinical Immunology Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Abstract: The analysis of gene expression in tissues, cells, and biologic systems has evolved in the last decade from the analysis of a selected set of genes to an efficient high throughput whole-genome screening approach of potentially all genes expressed in a tissue or cell sample. Development of sophisticated methodologies such as microarray technology allows an open-ended survey to identify comprehensively the fraction of genes that are differentially expressed between samples and define the samples' unique biology. This discovery-based research provides the opportunity to characterize either new genes with unknown function or genes not previously known to be involved in a biologic process. The latter category may hold surprises that sometimes urge us to redirect our thinking. Here, we review the impact of large-scale gene expression profiling by DNA-microarray technology on basic and clinical aspects of immunology.
      • Source: Genomics in the Immune System, Tineke C. M. T. van der Pouw Kraan, Pia V. Kasperkovitz, Nicolette Verbeet, Cornelis L. Verweij, DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2004.01.001, Clinical Immunology 111(2):175-185, 2004-05
  14. Essence of Life and Multiformity of its Realization: Expected Signatures of Life, Advances in Space Research Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Abstract: The question on the essence of life as phenomenon is the key one for astrobiology, since the answer to this question determines "breadth of our outlook". Taking Earth's version of life as the pattern extremely under-estimates our estimation of the probability of life origin and respectively expected probability of extraterrestrial life discovery. In the paper the hypothetical key attribute of life in general is selected on the base of comparative analyses and deductive inference. Simulation conducted on the base of neural network model shows that the same function could be realized by means of great variety of structures, which originated in the course of an evolutionary process. So multiplicity of evolutionary outcomes essentially increases the probability of final result - realization of an integrated function providing fitness to environment. Life as the integrated function can be realized via great variety of development ways and structures. A logical consequence of definitions for life as phenomenon is suggested. Final one is "Life is specific organization of informational and energetic processes coupling, enabling choice-making, and displayed as anomalies of different kinds". Anomalies of visible form, mechanical movement, chemical composition and noticeable response are considered. Presented in the paper sweeping generalization is not rigorously proven, however it can play heuristic role in increasing the level of specificity of searching for extraterrestrial life.
  15. Domains of Diversity Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Most species live in the tropics and, in particular, within moist forests (see the figure). Why do warm, wet places generate diversity? "There are more niches," goes one argument, "as demonstrated by their being more species to fill them," goes its circular conclusion. Warm, wet places are proposed to be more productive and to support more individuals, which in turn permit more species to coexist. Unfortunately, tropical richness increases much faster than expected with the increase in individuals.
    • Source: Domains of Diversity, Stuart L. Pimm, James H. Brown, DOI: 10.1126/science.1095332, Science, 304: 831-833, 04/05/07
    1. Biomechanics: Fast Fish, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: To an underwater observer, mako sharks look a lot like tunas. (...) the two fishes share a common body plan, colour pattern and even swimming style. (...) after 400 million years of separate evolutionary trajectories, these two high-speed predators have converged on solutions to the problem of swimming fast that go from skin to skeleton.

      Tunas and mackerels, as well as makos (...), appear in the fossil record about 60 million years ago. (...) Their common ancestor dates back to the Carboniferous, when the bony and cartilaginous fishes diverged.

  16. Colloids as Big Atoms, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Colloid science is important for applications ranging from drugs to dairy products. Less well known is that it can also illuminate basic physics questions, because in certain crucial respects, colloids behave as "big atoms." (...), the results show that phenomena at the interface between a liquid and a vapor can be studied with a colloidal model.

    Beginning with his doctoral thesis, Einstein showed that the incessant, random jiggling of colloidal particles known as Brownian movement was the visible manifestation of the "graininess"--the molecular nature--of the surrounding liquid.

  17. Candidates Face Sprawling and Complex Electoral Map, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: President Bush and Senator John Kerry are pouring resources into more than 20 states in a struggle to master what both sides describe as one of the largest and most complex electoral playing fields in nearly 20 years.

    The broad map, including such unusual additions as Arizona, Colorado and Louisiana (...) is partly the result of the vast amount of money each candidate has raised (...). That has allowed Mr. Bush and Mr. Kerry to spend - and experiment - in states they might otherwise have been forced to ignore, (...).

    1. Voting Technology Update, NPR TOTN Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Election campaigns are heating up -- and so is the debate over electronic voting. In this hour, we'll take a look at the latest on the issue. Is it possible to make a voting system that can't be hacked.
  18. A 'Clear ... System Failure', Christian Science Monitor Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: (...) abusing prisoners seemed almost routine, "a fact of army life the soldiers felt no need to hide." (...)

    (...) Specialist Joe Darby, the man who first brought the photos of prisoner abuse to the military's attention in January of 2004, is now so hated in the town in Maryland where he and other reservists in one of the military police unit came from, that people there are saying his life may be in danger. (...) "He's going to be blackballed. His life is in jeopardy, because he's a snitch.

    1. Commanders Share Blame in Iraq Prisoner Abuse, NPR ME Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The U.S. military says only a small number of guards should be blamed for the abuse of prisoners in Iraq. But investigative journalist Seymour Hersh says some of their commanders can share the blame. Hersh investigated the chain of command, and published his findings in Monday's New Yorker magazine. Hear Hersh and NPR's Steve Inskeep.
    2. Abuse Of Iraqis 'Well Thought Through', NewScientist Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The type of mistreatment Iraqi prisoners have suffered at the hands of US soldiers is unlikely to have occurred without the knowledge of higher authorities, say psychologists (...) - adding support to allegations that the abuse may have been condoned by superiors.(...)

      "A lot of people had to be in the know for this to happen. The very fact people felt confident enough to take pictures suggests that this was not something which was a secret," says Ian Robbins, (...), who has treated both victims of torture and torturers.

    3. Harsh C.I.A. Methods Cited in Top Qaeda Interrogations, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The C.I.A. has used coercive interrogation methods against a select group of high-level leaders and operatives of Al Qaeda.

      These techniques were authorized by a set of secret rules for the interrogation of high-level Qaeda prisoners, none known to be housed in Iraq, that were endorsed by the Justice Department and the C.I.A. The rules were among the first adopted by the Bush administration after the Sept. 11 attacks for handling detainees and may have helped establish a new understanding throughout the government that officials would have greater freedom to deal harshly with detainees.

    4. General Took Guantánamo Rules to Iraq for Handling of Prisoners, NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Because the administration had designated the Taliban and Al Qaeda detainees at Guantánamo as "enemy combatants" - to whom it would accord humane treatment but not other rights granted by the Conventions - military officers in Cuba soon grew concerned that they were operating without clear rules.

      (...), the methods, begun in early 2002, included depriving detainees of sleep; leaving them in cold, air-conditioned rooms; placing them in "stress positions"; and forcing them to stand or crouch for long periods, sometimes with their arms extended, until exhausted.

  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Terror in the Name of God', c-span Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Jessica Stern, Author of "Terror in the Name of God," discusses the Iraqi prisoner abuse case, Sec. Rumsfeld's visit to the Iraq prison where the prisoner abuses allegedly took place, and other related news.
    2. Judge Allows Peek Into Challenge to Antiterrorism Law, NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: A federal judge in Manhattan widened the public's glimpse into a lawsuit by the American Civil Liberties Union challenging some terms of the USA Patriot Act.
    3. From '9-11' to the Iraq War - Intl Law in An Age of Complexity, Oxford Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: This book considers the pattern of events from the attacks on the US on 9-11 to the Iraq War 2003. It addresses the legal and political issues relating to the War Against Terrorism in general and the War on Iraq in particular. The book introduces the idea of 'complexity theory' as a framework for understanding the events and issues considered. It concludes by examining the possible implications of the War Against Terrorism and the War on Iraq for world order in the twenty-first century.
      • Source: From '9-11' to the Iraq War - Intl Law in An Age of Complexity, Hart, Oxford, 2004, ISBN 1-84113-496-1
  20. Links & Snippets Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Other Publications Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Solar Wind To Shield Earth During Pole Flip, A stream of solar wind will come to the planet's rescue during the next reversal of its magnetic poles, reveals a new study
      2. Micro-Sculptures Give Metal The Velcro Touch, Carving delicate projections in a sheet of metal gives it ultra-strong bonding properties, which could produce tougher joints in cars and aircraft
      3. Whales, Seals And Fishermen Rarely Take Same Prey, Marine mammals and trawlers rarely overlap in the fish they hunt, reveals a global study, adding a new angle on international fishing disputes
      4. Handsome Men Evolved Thanks To Picky Females, Male primates may have sacrificed their long faces and aggressive teeth for more placid looks to attract females
      5. Computer Chip Noise May Betray Code, The noise emitted by computer chips could help code breakers decipher encrypted messages, according to preliminary research
      6. GM Wheat Put On Hold, The biotech giant Monsanto has shelved plans to sell its herbicide resistant wheat - opponents of GM say it has bowed to consumer opposition
      7. Feds Stage Disaster Simulation , Federal officials stage a full-scale exercise to test how well the federal government would operate in the face of a major disaster or terrorist attack. Thousands of federal workers were relocated outside Washington, D.C., Thursday as part of the simulation. NPR's Pam Fessler reports.
      8. Getting Warmer, However You Measure It, Richard A. Kerr, Science 7 May 2004: 805-807
      9. Surprise Hummingbird Fossil Sets Experts Abuzz, Erik Stokstad, Science 7 May 2004: 810-811
      10. Toxin Takeout: Frogs Borrow Poison For Skin From Ants, Scientists have identified formicine ants as a food source from which poison frogs acquire their chemical weapons.
      11. Closing In On A Monster: A Black Hole's Dusty Environs Show Themselves, The first clear picture of the immediate surroundings of a supermassive black hole confirms that these gravitational monsters hide behind thick belts of dust.
      12. Teen Brains on Trial, Scientific opinions differ about whether evidence on delayed maturation of the adolescent brain should be used to argue that teenagers have reduced culpability for crimes and thus should be exempt from the death penalty.
      13. Brain Roots Of Music Depreciation, The brains of tone-deaf people may be unable to detect subtle shifts in pitch, which keeps them from learning the basic structure of musical passages.
      14. Skyscrapers in Cyberspace: Maps and History Online, Matthew Mirapaul, 04/05/14, Maps have become a popular method of displaying a museum's collection, as seen on the Web sites of the Skyscraper Museum and the Theban Mapping Project.
      15. An Afghan Gives His Own Account of U.S. Abuse, 04/05/12, Carlotta Gall, A former Afghan police colonel said he was subjected to beating, sleep deprivation and sexual abuse while he was in U.S. custody.
      16. Rumsfeld Aide and a General Clash on Abuse, Eric Schmitt, 04/05/12, NY Times, The unusual public sparring cast a spotlight on the confusing conditions at the prison last fall when the worst abuses occurred.
      17. Three Views on Global Warming , 04/05/13, NPR ME, There's a sharp difference of opinion among scientists about the risk of global warming. NPR's Richard Harris speaks with three prominent scientists about their views on climate warming.
      18. Al Qaeda Web , 04/05/13, NPR ME, After the shocking video of the murder of Nick Berg emerged on the Internet, some experts are saying it will be possible to track down the location where it was posted. NPR's Neda Ulaby reports.
      19. Hubble Reveals Details Of 'Red Rectangle', 04/05/13, The Australian/AP
      20. U.S. Soldier Paints a Scene of Eager Mayhem at Iraqi Prison, Kate Zernike, 04/05/14, NYTimes, Specialist Jeremy C. Sivits's two statements recount acts of gratuitous violence in graphic but unemotional language.
      21. US risks fury of Shia as Imam Ali's shrine is hit, Justin Huggler, 04/05/15, The Independent
      22. Officials Say Methods At Prison Broke Rules , Edward Epstein, 04/05/15, San Francisco Chronicle
      23. Mutation and Selection in a Large Population, J. R. Peck, D. Waxman, A. Cruikshank, 2004-04->2004-06, Biosystems 74(1-3):15-27, DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2003.12.004
      24. Evolution of Robust Developmental Neural Networks, Alan N. Hampton, Chris Adami, 2004-05-06, arXiv, DOI: nlin.AO/0405011
      25. Least Dependent Component Analysis Based on Mutual Information, Harald Stögbauer, Alexander Kraskov, Sergey A. Astakhov - peter grassberger, 2004-05-10, arXiv, DOI: physics/0405044
      26. Culture and International Usability Testing: The Effects of Culture in Structured Interviews, Ravikiran Vatrapu, Manuel A. Perez-Quinones, 2004-05-13, arXiv, DOI: cs.HC/0405045
      27. Linear And Nonlinear Relationships Between Neuronal Activity, Oxygen Metabolism, And Hemodynamic Responses, S. A. Sheth, M. Nemoto, M. Guiou, M. Walker, N. Pouratian, A. W. Toga - togaaloni.ucla.edu, 2004/04/21, Neuron, DOI: 10.1016/S0896-6273(04)00221-1
      28. Only Six Kingdoms Of Life, T. C.-Smith, 2004/05/04, Alphagalileo & Proceedings Biological Sciences
      29. Wide Faces Or Large Canines? The Attractive Versus The Aggressive Primate, E. M. Weston, A. E. Friday, R. A. Johnstone, F. Schrenk, 2004/05/10, Alphagalileo & Biology Letters
      30. Transport Of North Sea Cod Larvae Into The Skagerrak Coastal Populations, H. Knutsen, C André, P. E. Jorde, M. D. Skogen, E. Thuróczy, N. C. Stenseth, 2004/05/10, Alphagalileo & Proceedings Biological Sciences
      31. Was Male Domination Deadly For Dinosaurs?, V. Bridge - v.bridgealeeds.ac.uk, 2004/05/10, Alphagalileo
      32. Less Educated People Have Lower Stress, But More Health Effects, 2004/05/10, ScienceDaily & Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center
      33. Interaction With In-Vehicle Electronic Systems: A Complete Description Of A Neural Network Approach, Kamp J-F. - jean-francois.kampauniv-ubs.fr, Poirier F., Doignon P., Apr. 2004, Neural Processing Letters, DOI: 10.1023/B:NEPL.0000023422.16224.cf
      34. The ERP Challenge In China: A Resource-Based Perspective, X. (James) He, Apr. 2004, Information Systems Journal
      35. The Political Activities Of Social Workers In The Context Of Changing Roles And Political Transition In Hong Kong, E. Chui, M. Gray, Apr. 2004, International Journal of Social Welfare
      36. Nonlinear Population Codes, Shamir M., Sompolinsky H., Jun. 2004, Neural Computation, DOI: 10.1162/089976604773717559
      37. Financial Market Globalization, Symmetry-Breaking, And Endogenous Inequality Of Nations, K. Matsuyama, May 2004, Econometrica
      38. A Tournament-Based Competitive Coevolutionary Algorithm, Kim Y. K. - kimykachonnam.ac.kr, Kim J. Y. - iemanachonnam.ac.kr, Kim Y. - yeonghoasnu.ac.kr, May 2004, Applied Intelligence, DOI: 10.1023/B:APIN.0000021418.72362.fb
      39. Sound And Visual Tracking For Humanoid Robot, Okuno H. G. - okunoanue.org, Nakadai K. - nakadaiajp.honda-ri.com, Lourens T., Kitano H., May 2004, Applied Intelligence, DOI: 10.1023/B:APIN.0000021417.62541.e0
      40. The Network Dynamics Hypothesis: How Channel Networks Structure Riverine Habitats, Benda L., Poff N. L., Miller D., Dunne T., Reeves G., Pess G., Pollock M., May 2004, BioScience
      41. Money, Price Dispersion And Welfare, B. Peterson - bripeteraindiana.edu, S. Shi - shouyongachass.utoronto.ca, Nov. 2004, Economic Theory, DOI: 10.1007/s00199-003-0465-1
    2. Webcast Announcements Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Nonlinear Dynamics And Chaos: Lab Demonstrations, Strogatz, Steven H., Internet-First University Press, 1994
      2. World Economic Forum 2004, Davos, Switzerland
      3. The Process of Curricular Review: Redefining a World-Class Education, Benedict Gross, Thomas Bender, Harvard@home, 04/01/21, Dean of Harvard College Benedict Gross discusses Harvard's first comprehensive review of the undergraduate curriculum in almost 3 decades. This program introduces the process of curricular review by presenting two segmented lectures. The first, by Dean Gross, outlines the approach and considerations in undertaking the current review. The second lecture, presented by NYU Professor Thomas Bender, presents a historical perspective on academic culture.
      4. Cancer Biology , NPR Talk of the Nation, 04/01/16, How the spread of cancer is like wound healing gone awry.
      5. Tracking Ebola , NPR Talk of the Nation, 04/01/16, A new study might help scientists predict where Ebola may! strike next.
      6. CODIS 2004, International Conference On Communications, Devices And Intelligent Systems, 2004 Calcutta, India, 04/01/09-10
      7. EVOLVABILITY & INTERACTION: Evolutionary Substrates of Communication, Signaling, and Perception in the Dynamics of Social Complexity, London, UK, 03/10/08-10
      8. The Semantic Web and Language Technology - Its Po tential and Practicalities, Bucharest, Romania, 03/07/28-08/08
      9. ECAL 2003, 7th European Conference on Artificial Life, Dortmund, Germany, 03/09/14-17
      10. New Santa Fe Institute President About His Vision for SFI's Future Role, (Video, Santa Fe, NM, 03/06/04)
      11. SPIE's 1st Intl Symp on Fluctuations and Noise, Santa Fe, NM, 2003/06/01-04
      12. NAS Sackler Colloquium on Mapping Knowledge Domains, Video/Audio Report, 03/05/11
      13. 13th Ann Intl Conf, Soc f Chaos Theory in Psych & Life Sciences, Boston, MA, USA, 2003/08/08-10
      14. CERN Webcast Service, Streamed videos of Archived Lectures and Live Events
      15. Dean LeBaron's Archive of Daily Video Commentary, Ongoing Since February 1998
      16. Edge Videos

    3. Conference & Call for Papers Announcements Bookmark and Share

      1. Strategic Thinking in a Complex World, Smithsonian Resident Associates Program, 04/05/01-22
      2. 5th International Conference on Complex Systems (ICCS2004), Boston, MA, USA, 04/05/16-21
      3. Understanding Complex Systems: Networks, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 04/05/17-20
      4. 3rd Intl Conf on Systems Thinking in Management (ICSTM 2004) "Transforming Organizations to Achieve Sustainable Success", Philadelphia, Pa, USA, 04/05/19-21
      5. 4th Intl Conf on Fractals And Dynamic Systems In Geoscience, München, Germany, 04/05/19-22
      6. 9th Annual Workshop on Economics and Heterogeneous Interaction Agents (WEHIA04), Kyoto, Japan, 2004/05/27-29
      7. 13th International Symposium on HIV & Emerging Infectious Diseases, Toulon, France, 04/06/03-05
      8. !
      9. ECC8 Experimental Chaos Conference, Florence, Italy, 04/06/14-17
      10. An Intl Tribute to Francisco Varela, Paris,04/06/18-20
      11. 7th Intl Conf on Linking Systems Thinking, Innovation,Quality, Entrepreneurship and Environment (STIQE), MARIBOR, SLOVENIA, 04/06/24-26
      12. Biannual Meeting Society for Research on Biological Rhythms, Whistler, BC, 04/06/24-26
      13. NAACSOS 2004, North American Association for Computational Social and Organizational Science, Pittsburgh PA, 04/06/27-29
      14. Statphys - Kolkata V An International Conference on Complex Networks: Structure, Function and Processes , Kolkata, India, 04/06/27-30
      15. ICAD 2004 10th International Conference on Auditory Display, Sydney, Australia, 04/07/06-09
      16. 3rd Intl School Topics in Nonlinear Dynamics Discrete Dynamical Systems and Applications , Urbino (Italy), 04/07/07-09
      17. `Perspectives on Nonlinear Dynamics 2004 (PNLD-2004), Chen! nai, India, 04/07/12-15
      18. From Animals To Animats 8, 8th Intl Conf On The Simulation Of Adaptive Behavior (SAB'04), Los Angeles, USA, 04/07/13-17
      19. 14th Annual International Conference The Society for Chaos Theory in Psychology & Life Sciences , Milwaukee, WI, USA, 04/07/15-18
      20. Facing Complexity, Wellington, NZ, 04/07/15-17
      21. Interdisciplinary Colloquium, Security Bytes, Security/Life/Terror , Lancaster, 04/07/17-19
      22. Gordon Research Conference on "Oscillations & Dynamic Instabilities In Chemical Systems", Lewiston, ME, 04/07/18-23
      23. 3rd Intl Conf Autonomous Agents & Multi-Agent Systems Conference (AAMAS 2004), New York City, 04/07/19-23
        1. 7th Intl Workshop on: Trust in Agent Societies , New York City, 04/07/19-20
      24. 8th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, Orlando, Florida, USA, 04/07/18-21
      25. The 4 th International Workshop on Meta-Synthesis and Complex Systems (MCS'2004) , Beijing, 04/07/22-23
      26. 2004 Summer Simulation MultiConference (SummerSim'04), San Jose Hyatt, San Jose, California, 04/07/25-29
      27. SME 2004 Symposium on Modeling and Control of Economic Systems , University in Redlands, CA, 04/07/28-31
      28. 6th International Mathematica Symposium (IMS 2004), Banff, Canada, 04/08/02-06
      29. Fractals and Natural Hazards at 32nd Intl Geological Congress (IGC), Florence, Italy, 04/08/20-28
      30. ICCC 2004, IEEE International Conference on Computational Cybernetics, , Vienna, Austria, 04/08/30-09/01
      31. ANTS 2004, 4th International Workshop on Ant Colony Optimization and Swarm Intelligence, Brussels, Belgium, 04/09/05-08
      32. Dynamic Ontology, An Inquiry into Systems, Emergence, Levels of Reality, and Forms of Causality, Trento, Italy, 04/09/08-11
      33. 9th Intl Conf on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems (ALIFE9), Boston, Massachusetts, 04/09/12-15
      34. Neuroeconomics 2004, Charleston, SC, 04/09/16-19
      35. TNew Economic Windows 2004: Complexity Hints for Economic Policy, Salerno, Italy, 04/09/16-18
      36. The Verhulst 200 on Chaos, Brussels, BELGIUM, 04/09/16-18
      37. The 8th Intl Conf on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN VIII), Birmingham, UK, 04/09/18-22
      38. XVII Brazilian Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Sao Luis, Maranhao - Brazil, 04/09/22-24
      39. TEDMED Conference , Charleston SC, 04/10/12-15
      40. Wolfram Technology Conference, Champaign, Illinois, 04/10/21-23
      41. 6th Intl Conf on Electronic Commerce ICEC'2004: Towards A New Services Landscape, Delft, The Netherlands, 04/10/25-27
      42. Complexity and Philosophy Workshop - 2-Day Conference , Rio de Janeiro, 04/11

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