Complexity Digest 2006.31

Jul-31-2006

Web Cast : 6th Intl Conf on Complex Systems (ICCS)

Boston, MA, 06/06/25-30, hosted by New England Complex Systems Institute and chaired by Yaneer Bar-Yam

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Content

  1. The Trouble With Replication, Nature
    1. Let's Replicate, Nature
  2. Biomedical Research: States, Foundations Lead the Way After Bush Vetoes, Science
  3. Professional Development: Enhanced: Who Is Responsible for Preparing Science Teachers?, Science
    1. Gender Differences In Smiling: An Evolutionary Neuroandrogenic Theory, Physiol. & Behav.
  4. Infrastructure: Can Grid Computing Help Us Work Together?, Science
    1. Surfing The Web With Nothing But Brainwaves, Business
    2. Quantum Leap: A Futurist's Vision Of Where Quantum Computers Will Take Us., Fortune
    3. Coming Soon: Google On Your Brain, Fortune
    4. Computer Science: New Life for Neural Networks, Science
  5. The Overlooked Epidemic, Science
    1. Origins of HIV and the Evolution of Resistance to AIDS, Science
    2. Immunology: Mast Cells Defang Snake and Bee Venom, Science
  6. Code Beyond Genetics in DNA, NYTimes
  7. How Much To Eat? Food Unit Size Determines Quantity Consumed, NewsTarget
    1. Doctors Offer To Maim Beggars In TV Sting, Reuters
  8. System Simulates Fault Tolerance Of The Brain, vnunet.com
    1. MIT Researchers Watch Brain In Action, Innovations-report
    2. Researchers Show How The Brain Turns On Innate Behavior, ScienceDaily
  9. Developmental Neurobiology: A Destructive Switch For Neurons, Nature
  10. Carbon Nanotubes You Can Live With, Science
    1. Protein Folding: Inside The Cage, Nature
    2. To Heal A Wound, Turn Up The Voltage, New Scientist
  11. Developmental Biology: The Hole Picture, Nature
  12. Semiconductor Physics: Magnetic Manipulations, Nature
    1. Camera System Creates Sophisticated 3-D Effects, NYTimes
    2. Calculating The Speed Of Sight, NewScientist
  13. The Origins And The Future Of Microfluidics, Nature
  14. Oceans Teem With Bacteria, Many Unknown-Study, Reuters
  15. Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities, Science
  16. Climate Change: Politicians Attack, But Evidence for Global Warming Doesn't Wilt, Science
    1. Meteorology: Rivers in the Sky Are Flooding the World With Tropical Waters, Science
    2. Climate Change: Can We Detect Trends in Extreme Tropical Cyclones?, Science
    3. Atmosphere: What Drives the Ice Age Cycle?, Science
  17. A Visual Exploration of Complex Networks, Seed Magazine
  18. Newfound Blob is Biggest Thing in the Universe, Space
    1. Mysterious Quasar Casts Doubt On Black Holes, NewScientist
  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Network
    1. A New Enemy Gains on the U.S., NYTimes
  20. Links & Snippets
    1. Other Publications
    2. Webcast Announcements
    3. Conference Announcements
    4. Call for Papers - Course/Book Announcements
  1. The Trouble With Replication, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: The idea that readers should be able to replicate published scientific results is seen as the bedrock of modern science. But what if replication proves difficult or impossible? (...)

    In other disciplines, results are corroborated rather then reproduced. If an identical description of the fossil found by palaeontologist Jennifer Clack6, based at the University of Cambridge, UK, was published elsewhere, for example, it would look more like plagiarism than replication. Her interpretation, though, has undergone something like replication; similar fossils that date from the same period have since been found and described in a way that conforms with her conclusions.

    1. Let's Replicate, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The replication of research results is a linchpin of the scientific process. But it isn't always done the way a layperson might expect ¡X by replicating a previous experiment, step-by-step, in a different lab. Instead, validation of research results can take different forms in different disciplines. And as we report on page 344, changes in scientific publishing could herald a new era of open, interactive communication in which research findings are tested.
  2. Biomedical Research: States, Foundations Lead the Way After Bush Vetoes, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: But to many, George W. Bush's action only marked another step into an era in which private entities and state governments assume greater responsibility for the funding of biomedical research. Rather than being despondent over the veto, many stem cell advocates are feeling pumped up. One is California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, who announced last week that the state is loaning the California Institute of Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) $150 million to get rolling. "I think with one stroke, the president energized the CIRM program," (...).
  3. Professional Development: Enhanced: Who Is Responsible for Preparing Science Teachers?, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Teachers knowledgeable in both science and pedagogy are critical for successful math and science education in primary and secondary schools. (...), universities convey that teaching kindergarten to 12th grade (K-12) is not a career worthy of a talented student. Two out of three high school physics teachers have neither a major nor a minor in the discipline, and the greatest teacher shortages are in math, physics, and chemistry. The shortages of teachers with these majors have likely contributed to the poor current outcomes for math and science education (...).
    1. Gender Differences In Smiling: An Evolutionary Neuroandrogenic Theory, Physiol. & Behav. Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Studies have found that, under a wide variety of social circumstances, females are more likely than males to smile. The present article offers a theoretical explanation for this difference based on the premise that testosterone (along with other sex hormones) has evolved the tendency to alter brain functioning in ways that inhibit male smiling, especially during their most reproductively active years. (...) these genes operate in part by inhibiting social signals of fear and submissiveness. An additional element of the theory asserts that testosterone alters brain functioning in ways that shift the neocortex away from the left (...).
  4. Infrastructure: Can Grid Computing Help Us Work Together?, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: A different way to use the Internet aims to transform the way researchers collaborate, (...)

    For more than 10 years, groups of researchers--often allied with computer engineers and behavioral scientists--have been experimenting with new ways for widely separated teams to work together using networked computers. This process, known as cyberinfrastructure in the United States and e-science in Europe, has spawned more than just useful tools such as chatrooms and electronic blackboards; it has given birth to a whole new way of using the Internet, known as grid computing.

    1. Surfing The Web With Nothing But Brainwaves, Business Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Kiss your keyboard goodbye: Soon we'll jack our brains directly into the Net - and that's just the beginning. Brain-reading technology is improving rapidly. Last year, Sony (Charts) took out a patent on a game system that beams data directly into the mind without implants. It uses a pulsed ultrasonic signal that induces sensory experiences such as smells, sounds and images. And Niels Birbaumer, a neuroscientist at the University of Tuebingen in Germany, has developed a device that enables disabled people to communicate by reading their brain waves through the skin, also without implants. Stu Wolf, one of the top scientists at Darpa, the Pentagon's scientific research agency which gave birth to the Internet, seriously believes we'll all be wearing computers in headbands within 20 years.
    2. Quantum Leap: A Futurist's Vision Of Where Quantum Computers Will Take Us., Fortune Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: She awakes early on the morning of April 10, 2030, in the capable hands of her suburban Chicago apartment. All night, microscopic sensors in her bedside tables have monitored her breathing, heart rate, and brain activity. The tiny blood sample she gave her bathroom sink last night has been analyzed for free radicals and precancerous cells; the appropriate preventative drugs will be delivered to her hotel in Atlanta this evening. It's an expensive service, but as a gene therapist, Sharon Oja knows it's worth it.
    3. Coming Soon: Google On Your Brain, Fortune Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The pace of computing power gains is only getting faster and that means big changes in the way we live. Are you ready to become a mind-reader? Just thinking about likely near-term innovations in computing is exciting, but slowly a longer-term vision is coming into focus. Down the road we're probably going to have access to something approaching all information all the time. Our lives - much longer by then because of the implications of this for medical care - will be enriched, even as our behavior will be very unlike how we live today.
    4. Computer Science: New Life for Neural Networks, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The authors use recent advances in training a specific kind of network, (...), to learn a good initial mapping recursively. First, their system learns an invertible mapping from the data to a layer of binary features. (...) Then, it learns a mapping from those features to another layer of features. This is repeated as many times as desired to initialize an extremely deep autoencoder. The resulting deep network is then used as the initialization of a standard neural network, which then tunes the weights to perform much better.
  5. The Overlooked Epidemic, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: The epidemic in Latin America and the Caribbean has largely been overshadowed by the more severe problems in sub-Saharan Africa, the vastly larger population of Asia, and the attention that more developed countries have attracted with high-profile activism, substantial investments in finding solutions, and intense media coverage. But an estimated 2 million people live with HIV/AIDS in the region--more than the United States, Canada, Western Europe, Australia, and Japan combined. (...) The virus is also moving from high-risk groups to the general population in Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Panama, (...).
    1. Origins of HIV and the Evolution of Resistance to AIDS, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The cross-species transmission of lentiviruses from African primates to humans has selected viral adaptations which have subsequently facilitated human-to-human transmission. HIV adapts not only by positive selection through mutation but also by recombination of segments of its genome in individuals who become multiply infected. Naturally infected nonhuman primates are relatively resistant to AIDS-like disease despite high plasma viral loads and sustained viral evolution. Further understanding of host resistance factors and the mechanisms of disease in natural primate hosts may provide insight into unexplored therapeutic avenues for the prevention of AIDS.
    2. Immunology: Mast Cells Defang Snake and Bee Venom, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Venomous snakes are deadly predators; every year they kill perhaps 125,000 people, mostly in the developing world where antivenoms are less available. Researchers have long blamed immune warriors called mast cells for contributing to this toll by releasing additional toxic molecules into the victims' bodies. But a study out today puts these cells in a surprising new light.

      (...) mast cells help protect mice against snake and bee venoms, at least in part by breaking down the poisons.

  6. Code Beyond Genetics in DNA, NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Researchers believe they have found a second code in DNA in addition to the genetic code. The genetic code specifies all the proteins that a cell makes. The second code, superimposed on the first, sets the placement of the nucleosomes, miniature protein spools around which the DNA is looped. The spools both protect and control access to the DNA itself. The discovery, if confirmed, could open new insights into the higher order control of the genes, like the critical but still mysterious process by which each type of human cell is allowed to activate the genes it needs but cannot access the genes used by other types of cell.
  7. How Much To Eat? Food Unit Size Determines Quantity Consumed, NewsTarget Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania have found that a concept called "unit bias" may cause people to overeat, since most people determine serving size based on the size of a product's packaging. Researchers put a large bowl of M&Ms candies in an apartment lobby with a quarter-cup spoon half the time, and a tablespoon the other half. After 10 days, the research found that people took two-thirds more M&Ms by weight on days when the bigger spoon was offered. Similar experiments featuring large and small Tootsie Rolls and pretzels yielded similar results.
    1. Doctors Offer To Maim Beggars In TV Sting, Reuters Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Three Indian doctors caught on camera apparently agreeing to amputate the healthy limbs of beggars are to be questioned by the Indian Medical Council, an official said Tuesday. Secretly filmed footage taken by the CNN-IBN news channel and broadcast Saturday showed one of the doctors asking for 10,000 rupees (about $215) to amputate a lower leg, leaving a stump that may draw sympathy -- and a few rupees -- from passersby.


      Editor's Note: This appears to be one extreme form of adaptation, where mutilation seems to increase fitness.

  8. System Simulates Fault Tolerance Of The Brain, vnunet.com Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Scientists at the University of Manchester are to build a computer that mimics parts of the human brain to improve the reliability of computers. The project, which has been awarded £1m of government funding, will simulate neurons firing in a brain. Project leader professor Steve Furber says the computer will be built to simulate one million neurons, a fraction of the 100 billion neurons in a human brain. 'Simple insects such as the bumblebee have sophisticated control algorithms with about that many neurons,' said Furber. 'This is applicable to real-time control problems - mobile robotics being an obvious example.' (...)
    1. MIT Researchers Watch Brain In Action, Innovations-report Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: For the first time, scientists have been able to watch neurons within the brain of a living animal change in response to experience. (...) have gotten an unprecedented look into how genes shape the brain in response to the environment. (...) "This is the first study that demonstrates the ability to directly visualize the molecular activity of individual neurons in the brain of live animals at a single-cell resolution, and to observe the changes in the activity in the same neurons in response to the changes of the environment on a daily basis for a week." (...)
    2. Researchers Show How The Brain Turns On Innate Behavior, ScienceDaily Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: UCR researchers have made a major leap forward in understanding how the brain programs innate behavior. (...) Innate or "instinctive" behaviors are inborn and do not require learning or prior experience to be performed. Examples include courtship and sexual behaviors, escape and defensive maneuvers, and aggression. Using the common fruit fly as a model organism, the researchers found through laboratory experiments that the innate behavior is initiated by a "command" hormone that orchestrates activities in discrete groups of peptide neurons in the brain. Peptide neurons are brain cells that release small proteins to communicate with other brain cells and the body. (...)
  9. Developmental Neurobiology: A Destructive Switch For Neurons, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: In the developing nervous system, tremendous multiplication and diversification of cells elaborate the exquisite pattern of the brain. But how do cells shift from early proliferation to assume their mature states? Control of cell division in the developing nervous system is a highly orchestrated process that sets up the patterns for the extended structure of the brain. In the embryonic brain, the division of neuroblasts ¡X the precursors of neurons ¡X occurs in specific proliferative zones. From these zones, neuroblasts undergo multiple rounds of cell division (mitosis) while migrating considerable distances, producing clusters of neuronal precursor cells.
  10. Carbon Nanotubes You Can Live With, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Carbon nanotubes, or CNTs, are hollow wires of pure carbon about 50,000 times narrower than the finest human hair but stronger than steel. CNTs have enormous potential in a variety of biological applications, including medical diagnostics and treatments. There's a problem, however, and until now it has been what technologists call a "stopper." For reasons not entirely known, CNTs are cytotoxic ¡X contact with them kills cells.
    1. Protein Folding: Inside The Cage, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Many newly synthesized bacterial proteins avoid aggregation by folding inside a chaperonin nanocage. Unexpectedly, it turns out that the cage's internal properties can be optimized to accelerate folding. Proteins are the action molecules of life, but cells face a problem in making them. Proteins consist of amino acids joined into linear polypeptide chains by intracellular structures called ribosomes. Each chain folds into a compact shape whose surface properties determine the biological function unique to that protein.
    2. To Heal A Wound, Turn Up The Voltage, New Scientist Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: (...) demonstrated that natural electric fields and currents in tissue play a vital role in orchestrating the wound-healing process by attracting repair cells to damaged areas. The researchers have also identified the genes that control the process. "We were originally sceptical, but then we realised it was a real effect and looked for the genes responsible," Penninger says. "It's not homeopathy, it's biophysics."
  11. Developmental Biology: The Hole Picture, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: What's the best way to make a tube? Roll up a sheet? Hollow out a solid rod? Some innovative movies show how the problem is tackled during the development of blood vessels in embryos.

    In simple organisms, only one or a few cells thick, diffusion brings nutrients and oxygen to individual cells and removes their waste. But in larger animals, this process is no longer sufficient, so transport tubes evolved to allow materials to move quickly throughout the organism. Such transport systems include blood vessels and the tubes that make up the digestive, respiratory and other organ systems.

  12. Semiconductor Physics: Magnetic Manipulations, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: A deft technique allows magnetic atoms to be placed one by one in a semiconductor crystal. It's a further step towards an ambitious goal: a computer chip that might simultaneously store and manipulate data. (...)

    The alternative, fledgling approach to information technology known as semiconductor spintronics aims to weld the disparate advantages of semiconductor physics and magnetism into a unified framework. The ultimate goal is to create new breeds of device, such as chips that integrate logic and storage.

    1. Camera System Creates Sophisticated 3-D Effects, NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The new system will be introduced today at the Siggraph computer graphics conference in Boston, and effects created with it could start appearing as early as next year.

      The system could change the nature of cinematography in several ways, according to leading Hollywood producers and technologists who are planning to use the system. For example, it will make it possible to create compellingly realistic synthetic actors by capturing the facial movements of real actors in much greater detail than is currently possible.

    2. Calculating The Speed Of Sight, NewScientist Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Each of your eyes transfers information to your brain at about the same speed as a fast Ethernet connection, US researchers have calculated. That might sound impressive, but the scientists say that our neurons could move data a lot faster than that. The fact that they do not suggests that our nervous system is trading off speed against energy-efficiency. The researchers, based at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, US, attached a guinea pig retina to an array of electrodes, while sustaining it in a nutrient-rich soup. They projected a number of images onto the retina, and recorded the patterns of electrical firing in the retina's ganglion cells. These cells feed information down the optic nerve, towards the brain's visual cortex. From these recordings, the researchers calculated that a guinea pig retina transfers data at about 875 kilobits per second. Human retinas have about ten times as many ganglion cells, giving a "bandwidth" of 8.75 megabits per second.
  13. The Origins And The Future Of Microfluidics, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: The manipulation of fluids in channels with dimensions of tens of micrometres ¡X microfluidics ¡X has emerged as a distinct new field. Microfluidics has the potential to influence subject areas from chemical synthesis and biological analysis to optics and information technology. But the field is still at an early stage of development. Even as the basic science and technological demonstrations develop, other problems must be addressed: choosing and focusing on initial applications, and developing strategies to complete the cycle of development, including commercialization.
  14. Oceans Teem With Bacteria, Many Unknown-Study, Reuters Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: OSLO () - The oceans are teeming with 10 to 100 more types of bacteria than previously believed, many of them unknown, according to a study released on Monday that has jolted scientists' understanding of evolution in the seas. Using a new genetic mapping technique, U.S., Dutch and Spanish scientists said they found more than 20,000 different types of microbe in a single liter (1.8 pint) of water from deep sites in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
  15. Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Threatened species lists based on extinction risk are becoming increasingly influential for setting conservation priorities at regional, national, and local levels. Risk assessment, however, is a scientific endeavor, whereas priority setting is a societal process, and they should not be confounded. When establishing conservation priorities, it is important to consider financial, cultural, logistical, biological, ethical, and social factors in addition to extinction risk, to maximize the effectiveness of conservation actions.
    • Source: Extinction Risk and Conservation Priorities, Rebecca M. Miller, Jon Paul Rodriguez, Theresa Aniskowicz-Fowler, Channa Bambaradeniya, Ruben Boles, Mark A. Eaton, Ulf Gardenfors, Verena Keller, Sanjay Molur, Sally Walker, Caroline Pollock, Science: 441, 06/07/28
  16. Climate Change: Politicians Attack, But Evidence for Global Warming Doesn't Wilt, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: With hockey sticks in hand, U.S. legislators skeptical of global warming fired shots last week at what has become an iconic image in the debate. But their attack failed to change the outcome of the contest. Instead, scientists and politicians of every stripe agreed that the world is warming and that global warming is a serious issue. They also agreed to disagree about what's causing it.
    1. Meteorology: Rivers in the Sky Are Flooding the World With Tropical Waters, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: When mid-latitude storms tap into the great stores of moisture in the tropical atmosphere, the rain pours and pours, rivers rise, the land slides, and locusts can swarm

      Call them tropical plumes, atmospheric rivers, Hawaiian fire hoses, or Pineapple Expresses. Whatever the label, meteorologists are now recognizing the extent to which these streams of steamy tropical air transport vast amounts of moisture across the globe, often leaving natural disasters in their wake. (...) Torrential rains fed by an atmospheric river inundated the U.S. East Coast last month, (...).
      Editor's Note: An atmospheric river appears to be an excellent example of a large scale self-organized structure

    2. Climate Change: Can We Detect Trends in Extreme Tropical Cyclones?, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Recent studies have found a large, sudden increase in observed tropical cyclone intensities, linked to warming sea surface temperatures that may be associated with global warming. Yet modeling and theoretical studies suggest only small anthropogenic changes to tropical cyclone intensity several decades into the future (...).

      Efforts under way by climate researchers (...) may mitigate the problems in applying the present observational tropical cyclone databases to trend analyses to answer the important question of how humankind may (or may not) be changing the frequency of extreme tropical cyclones.

    3. Atmosphere: What Drives the Ice Age Cycle?, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: For example, between 3 and 1 million years before present (late Pliocene to early Pleistocene, hereafter LP-EP), the glacial oscillations followed a 41,000-year cycle. These oscillations correspond to insolation changes driven by obliquity changes. But during this time, precession-driven changes in insolation on a 23,000-year cycle were much stronger than the obliquity-driven changes. Why is the glacial record for the LP-EP dominated by obliquity, rather than by the stronger precessional forcing? How should the Milankovitch theory be adapted to account for this "41,000-year paradox"?
  17. A Visual Exploration of Complex Networks, Seed Magazine Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts:
    Three cortical mouse neurons were imaged at a magnification of 1,000x. The resulting picture shows how neurons join to form a complex network.
    "Ultimately, a lot of my research is oriented toward how neurons connect to one another to form neural circuits, and how the properties of particular types of neurons interact with their particular connectivity to endow the circuit with some set of functional properties," Miller said. Complexity is everywhere. It's a structural and organizational principle that reaches almost every field imaginable, from genetics and social networks to food webs and stock markets. Contemporary scientific and technological accomplishments¡Xincluding mapping the human genome, decoding neural networks and opening up the ocean to exploration¡Xhave seen our ability to generate and acquire information outpace our ability to make sense of it. With a surfeit of facts and few ways to synthesize them, "meaningful information" quickly becomes an oxymoron.
  18. Newfound Blob is Biggest Thing in the Universe, Space Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts:
    An enormous amoeba-like structure 200 million light-years wide and made up of galaxies and large bubbles of gas is the largest known object in the universe, scientists say.
    The galaxies and gas bubbles, called Lyman alpha blobs, are aligned along three curvy filaments that formed about 2 billion years after the universe exploded into existence after the theoretical Big Bang. The filaments were recently seen using the Subaru and Keck telescopes on Mauna Kea. The galaxies within the newly found structure are packed together four times closer than the universe's average. Some of the gas bubbles are up to 400,000 light years across, nearly twice the diameter of our neighboring Andromeda Galaxy. Scientists think they formed when massive stars born early in the history of the universe exploded as supernovas and blew out their surrounding gases. Another theory is that the bubbles are giant gas cocoons that will one day give birth to new galaxies.
    1. Mysterious Quasar Casts Doubt On Black Holes, NewScientist Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts:
      The hole in the disc of matter in quasar Q0957+561 shown in this artist's impression could be the sign of an exotic compact object called a MECO (Image: Christine Pulliam/CfA)
      A controversial alternative to black hole theory has been bolstered by observations of an object in the distant universe, researchers say. If their interpretation is correct, it might mean black holes do not exist and are in fact bizarre and compact balls of plasma called MECOs. Rudolph Schild of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, US, led a team that observed a quasar situated 9 billion light years from Earth. A quasar is a very bright, compact object, whose radiation is usually thought to be generated by a giant black hole devouring its surrounding matter.
  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Network Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. A New Enemy Gains on the U.S., NYTimes Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: United States officials worry that they're not prepared, either, for Hezbollah's style of warfare (...).

      Certain that other terrorists are learning from Hezbollah's successes, the United States is studying the conflict closely for lessons to apply to its own wars. Military planners suggest that the Pentagon take a page out of Hezbollah's book about small-unit, agile operations as it battles insurgents and cells in Iraq and Afghanistan and plans for countering more cells and their state sponsors across the Middle East and in Africa, Southeast Asia and Latin America.

  20. Links & Snippets Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Other Publications Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Worker Ants Store Fat To Share With Colony Members During Times Of Need, 2006/07/21, ScienceDaily & University of Chicago Press Journals
      2. $100 Laptop 'Coming Soon': One Laptop Per Child Technology On Target For Next Spring, R. Jaques, 2006/07/25, vnunet.com
      3. How Can Identical Twins Be Genetically Different?, 2006/07/27, Innovations-report
      4. Researchers 'Text Mine' The New York Times, Demonstrating Ease Of New Technology, 2006/07/27, ScienceDaily & University of California - Irvine
      5. Psychologists Produce First Study On Violence Desensitization From Video Games, 2006/07/27, ScienceDaily & Iowa State University
      6. University Of Leicester Produces The First Ever World Map Of Happiness, 2006/07/28, Innovations-report
      7. Sound Investment: A New Mathematical Method Provides A Better Way To Analyze Noise, 2006/07/28, Innovations-report
      8. Are Network Motifs The Spandrels Of Cellular Complexity?, R. V. Solé - ricard.soleaupf.edu, S. Valverde, Aug. 2006, online 2006/06/09, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2006.05.013
      9. At The End Of The Journey: The Risks Of Cold War Thinking In A New Era, L. Butler, Jul. 2006, International Affairs, DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2346.2006.00567.x
      10. Ambivalent Attachments: The Hegemonic Politics Of American Nationhood, S. Croucher, Jun. 2006, New Political Science, DOI: 10.1080/07393140600679942
      11. Somatographic Investigations Across Levels Of Complexity, S. Beck, J. Niewöhner - joerg.niewoehnerastaff.hu-berlin.de, Jun. 2006, BioSocieties
      12. The Clinical Clash Over Social Phobia: The Americanization Of French Experiences?, S. Lloyd - stephanie.lloydaelf.mcgill.ca, Jun. 2006, BioSocieties
    2. Webcast Announcements Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Artificial Life X, 10th Intl Conf on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems, Bloomington, IN, USA. 2006/06/03-07
      2. 6th Understanding Complex Systems Symposium, Urbana-Champaign, Il, 06/05/15-18
      3. Ralph Abraham on Complexity Digest, , Calcutta, India, 05/12/27
      4. An Afternoon with Michael Crichton, Washington, 05/11/06
      5. Illuminating the Shadow of the Future, Ann Arbor, Mi 05/09/23-25
      6. Open Network of Centres of Excellence in Complex Systems - Brainstorming Meeting, Paris, France 05/09/19-23
      7. Complexity, Science & Society Conference 2005, U. Liverpool, UK 2005/09/11-14
      8. ECAL 2005 - VIIIth European Conference on Artificial Life, Canterbury, Kent, UK 2005/09/5-9
      9. T. Irene Sanders, Executive Director and Founder, The Washington Center for Complexity & Public Policy, 05/08/27, QuickTime video (10:38 min), Podcast
      10. North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity 2005 Conference, Virtual Conference Network, St. Pete's Beach, Florida, 05/06/09-11
      11. Understanding Complex Systems - Computational Complexity and Bioinformatics, Virtual Conference Network, Urbana-Champaign, Il, UIUC, 05/05/16-19
      12. Nonlinearity, Fluctuations, and Complexity, with a celebration of the 65th birthday of Gregoire Nicolis. , Complexity Session, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, 05/03/16
      13. World Economic Forum , Davos, Switzerland, 05/01/26-30
      14. 1st European Conference on Complex Systems, Torino, Italy, 04/12/5-7
      15. From Autopoiesis to Neurophenomenology: A Tribute to Francisco Varela (1946-2001), Paris, France, 2004/06/18-20
      16. Evolutionary Epistemology, Language, and Culture, Brussels, Belgium, 04/05/26-28
      17. International Conference on Complex Systems 2004, Boston, 04/05/16-21
      18. Nonlinear Dynamics And Chaos: Lab Demonstrations, Strogatz, Steven H., Internet-First University Press, 1994
      19. CERN Webcast Service, Streamed videos of Archived Lectures and Live Events
      20. Dean LeBaron's Archive of Daily Video Commentary, Ongoing Since February 1998
      21. Edge Videos

    3. Conference Announcements Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Potentials of Complexity Science for Business, Governments, and the Media 2006 Budapest, 06/08/03-05
      2. FIAS Summer School - Theoretical Neuroscience & Complex Systems, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, 06/08/05-27
      3. 2006 Intl Conf on Nonlinear Science and Complexity, Beijing, China, 06/08/07-12
      4. Symmetry Festival 2006, Symmetry in Art and Science Education, Budapest, Hungary, 06/08/12-18
      5. 6th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, Marina Del Rey, Ca, U.S.A., 06/08/21-23
      6. World Conference on Social Simulation (WCSS-06) , Kyoto, Japan, 06/08/21-25
      7. Nonlinear Dynamical Methods and Time Series Analysis, Udine, Italy, 06/08/30-09/01
      8. Workshop on New Directions in Complex Systems, Istanbul, Turkey, 06/09/03-09
      9. Mathematica Zurich Conference 2006,, Zurich, Switzerland, 06/09/06
      10. Intl Conf on Parallel Problem Solving From Nature (PPSN), Reykjavik, Iceland, 06/09/09-13
      11. The World Knowledge Dialogue Symposium 2006, Crans-Montana, Switzerland, 06/09/14-16
      12. 7th Intl Symposium on Knowledge and Systems Sciences (KSS'2006), Beijing, 06/09/22-25.
      13. European Conference on Complex Systems 2006 (ECCS'06), Oxford, England, 06/09/25-29
      14. FROM ANIMALS TO ANIMATS 9, The Ninth Intl Conf on the SIMULATION OF ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR (SAB'06), Roma, Italy, 06/09/25-30
      15. 13th Herbstakademie COGNITION AND EMBODIMENT, Monte Verità, Switzerland, 06/10/05-08
      16. 2006 Wolfram Technology Conference,Champaign, Illinois, 06/10/12-14
      17. 6th Intl Conf on Simulated Evolution and Learning , Hefei, China, 06/10/15-18
      18. Japan Mathematica Conference 2006, Tokyo, Japan, 06/12/12
      19. 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM Intl Workshop on Interaction between Agents and Data Mining (IADM-06), Hongkong, China, 06/12/18
      20. Logic, Computability and Randomness 2007 , Buenos Aires, Argentina, 07/01/10-13
      21. 3rd International Workshop on Complexity and Philisophy, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 07/02/22-23
      22. Complexity and Organizational Resilience The Village, Pohnpei, Micronesia, 07/05
      23. 2nd Intl Conf on Built Environment Complexity - Embracing complexity thinking in built environments, Cape Town South Africa, 07/05/21-25
      24. Summer School In Complexity Science, London, UK, 07/07/08-17

    4. Call for Papers - Course/Book Announcements Bookmark and Share

      1. Chaos and Complexity Resources for Students and Teachers, 06/03/01
      2. MSc Complexity Science: Systems Thinking from New Biology to Novel Computation, Southampton, UK
      3. Volume Four Complexity and Knowledge Management: Understanding the Role of Knowledge in the Management of Social Networks, ISCE Managing the Complex Book Series
      4. New Issue of Emergence: Complexity & Organization (E:CO) Special Issue on Leadership and Complexity Deadline, 06/06/01.

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