Complexity Digest 2006.47

20-Nov-2006

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Content

  1. Open Source Science: A New Model for Innovation, HBS Working Knowledge
  2. High Tc: The Mystery That Defies Solution, Science
    1. How Random is a Coin Toss? Bayesian Inference and the Symbolic Dynamics of Deterministic Chaos, SFI Working Papers
    2. The Origin Of Allometric Scaling Laws In Biology, J. Theor. Biol.
    3. Explaining A Complex Living System: Dynamics, Multi-Scaling And Emergence, Interface
  3. Psychology: Money Is Material, Science
  4. Falls Leading Cause Of Death For Elderly, UPI
    1. Age 65 and Up: Fatal Falls Increasing, WebMD Medical News
  5. Does Natural Selection Drive The Evolution Of Cancer?, ScienceDaily
    1. Genetic Information: Codes And Enigmas, Nature
  6. Ancient Gene Yield: New Methods Retrieve Neandertals' DNA, Science News
    1. Evolutionary Biology: Ancient Genomics Is Born, Nature
  7. Brain, Behavior May Have Changed As Social Insect Colonies Evolved, ScienceDaily
    1. Romantic Love: A Mammalian Brain System For Mate Choice, Phil. Tran. Biol. Sc.
  8. Cell Biology: Brief Encounters Bolster Contacts, Nature
  9. The Plant Immune System, Nature
  10. Electronic Nuisance Changes Its Ways, Science
    1. Solid-State Thermal Rectifier, Science
  11. City Approves 'Carbon Tax' in Effort to Reduce Gas Emissions, NY Times
    1. False Alarm: Atlantic Conveyor Belt Hasn't Slowed Down After All, Science
  12. Dashing Rogues - Freak Ocean Waves Pose Threat To Ships, Deep-Sea Oil Platforms, Science News
  13. Scientists Examine 'Dark Energy' of Antigravity, NY Times
  14. What Will Wii Controller Unlock?, Wired
  15. Brilliant Minds on the Next 50 Years: Instant Expert, New Scientist
    1. Thinking Machines - Danny Hillis Talks About The Real-World Challenges Of Creating Artificially Intelligent Machines, Technology Review
  16. Unstoppable Bot: Armed With Self-Scrutiny, A Mangled Robot Moves On, Science News
  17. Resilient Machines Through Continuous Self-Modeling, Science
  18. Generator Men Let Baghdad See the Light, but at a Price, Washington Post
    1. Perfect Killing Method, but Clear Targets Are Few, NY Times
  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks
    1. Topological Vulnerability of the European Power Grid under Errors and Attacks, SFI Working Papers
  20. Links & Snippets
    1. Other Publications
    2. Webcast Announcements
    3. Conference Announcements
    4. Call for Papers - Course/Book Announcements
  1. Open Source Science: A New Model for Innovation, HBS Working Knowledge Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: In a perfect world, scientists share problems and work together on solutions for the good of society. In the real world, however, that's usually not the case. The main obstacles: competition for publication and intellectual property protection.

    Is there a model for encouraging large-scale scientific problem solving? Yes, and it comes from an unexpected and unrelated corner of the universe: open source software development.

  2. High Tc: The Mystery That Defies Solution, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: After 2 decades of monumental effort, physicists still cannot explain high-temperature superconductivity. But they may have identified the puzzles they have yet to solve (...)

    High-temperature superconductivity has shown that physicists' conceptual tools can't handle materials in which electrons shove one another so intensely that it's impossible to disentangle the motion of one from that of the others. Such "strongly correlated" electrons pop up in nanodevices and novel magnets, organic conductors and other exotic superconductors.

    1. How Random is a Coin Toss? Bayesian Inference and the Symbolic Dynamics of Deterministic Chaos, SFI Working Papers Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Abstract: Symbolic dynamics has proven to be an invaluable tool in analyzing the mechanisms that lead to unpredictability and random behavior in nonlinear dynamical systems. Surprisingly, a discrete partition of continuous state space can produce a coarse-grained description of the behavior that accurately describes the invariant properties of an underlying chaotic attractor. In particular, measures of the rate of information production---the topological and metric entropy rates---can be estimated from the outputs of Markov or generating partitions. Here we develop Bayesian inference for k-th order Markov chains as a method to finding generating partitions and estimating entropy rates from finite samples of discretized data produced by coarse-grained dynamical systems.
    2. The Origin Of Allometric Scaling Laws In Biology, J. Theor. Biol. Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: The empirical rules relating metabolic rate and body size are described in terms of (i) a scaling exponent, which refers to the ratio of the fractional change in metabolic rate to a change in body size, (ii) a proportionality constant, which describes the rate of energy expenditure in an organism of unit mass. This article integrates the chemiosmotic theory of energy transduction with the methods of quantum statistics to propose a molecular mechanism which, in sharp contrast to competing models, explains both the variation in scaling exponents and the taxon-specific differences in proportionality constants. (...)
    3. Explaining A Complex Living System: Dynamics, Multi-Scaling And Emergence, Interface Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Abstract: Complex living systems are difficult to understand. They obey the laws of physics and chemistry, but these basic laws do not explain their behaviour; each component part of a complex system participates in many different interactions and these interactions generate unforeseeable, emergent properties. For example, microscopic interactions between non-living molecules, at the macroscopic level, produce a living cell. Here we discuss how to explain such complexity in the format of a dynamic model that is mathematically precise, yet understandable. Precise, computer-aided modelling will make it easier to formulate novel experiments and attain understanding and control of key biological processes.
  3. Psychology: Money Is Material, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Despite the importance of money in everyday modern life, the psychology of money has until recently received relatively little attention within science, let alone Science. (...)

    on an evolutionary time scale, money is a recent phenomenon, with a history going back no more than a few thousand years, and the forms it takes across history and cultures vary widely (4). It seems unlikely that any brain mechanism could have evolved in this time specifically to handle money, so there has been a tendency to treat money as a purely cultural phenomenon for which no scientific account can be given.

    • Source: Psychology: Money Is Material, Carole B. Burgoyne, Stephen E. G. Lea, DOI: 10.1126/science.1135429, Science Vol. 314. no. 5802, pp. 1091 - 1092, 06/11/17
  4. Falls Leading Cause Of Death For Elderly, UPI Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: In 2003 more than 13,700 older adults died from falls, and almost 1.8 million seniors were treated in U.S. emergency departments for non-fatal injuries from falls and more than 460,000 were hospitalized, says the CDC. (...)

    The decline in women's hip fracture injury rates from 2001 to 2004 may be a result of prevention efforts such as osteoporosis screening combined with widespread education about treatments to rebuild bone mass.

    1. Age 65 and Up: Fatal Falls Increasing, WebMD Medical News Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Falls are the top cause of accidental deaths in people age 65 and older, and fatal fall rates are rising, says the CDC.

      The CDC reports that 13,700 people age 65 and older died of fall-related injuries in 2003.

      For comparison, more than 563,000 people in that age group died of heart disease and more than 388,000 died of cancer in 2003.

      Fatal fall rates rose for both men and women between 1993 and 2003, with higher rates for men.

  5. Does Natural Selection Drive The Evolution Of Cancer?, ScienceDaily Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: The dynamics of evolution are fully in play within the environment of a tumor, just as they are in forests and meadows, oceans and streams. This is the view of researchers in an emerging cross-disciplinary field that brings the thinking of ecologists and evolutionary biologists to bear on cancer biology. Insights from their work may have profound implications for understanding why current cancer therapies often fail and how radically new therapies might be devised. "A tumor cell population is constantly evolving through natural selection," says (...) "The mutations that benefit the survival and reproduction of cells in a tumor are the things that drive it towards malignancy." (...)
    1. Genetic Information: Codes And Enigmas, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: There's more than one way to read a stretch of DNA, (...) and we need to understand them all.

      Human DNA contains tissue-specific information that instructs brain or muscle cells to produce the suite of proteins that make them brain or muscle cells. (...) These are the codes that computer buffs such as Shepherd want to crack with raw processing power - and that mainstream biologists are attacking, too, although using a rather more lab-based approach. "We need all these codes together to understand the dynamics of the cell, (...).

  6. Ancient Gene Yield: New Methods Retrieve Neandertals' DNA, Science News Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Welcome to the era of Neandertal genetics. Researchers announced this week that they have retrieved and analyzed a huge chunk of Neandertal DNA, covering more than 1 million of the roughly 3 million paired chemical constituents of an individual's genetic makeup.

    Until now, scientists had extracted small DNA segments from Neandertal bones, mainly from mitochondria outside cell nuclei (SN: 4/1/00, p. 213: http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20000401/fob2.asp). Two new techniques have now recovered large amounts of genetic material from nuclei. One also permits tagging of ancient DNA sequences that correspond to modern human genes.

    1. Evolutionary Biology: Ancient Genomics Is Born, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: The reality of a complete Neanderthal genome draws near, as two papers report the sequencing of large amounts of Neanderthal DNA. The results will help to answer some central questions on human evolution. (...)

      With more than 1 million base pairs analysed, the authors4 compared their Neanderthal DNA sequence with the chimpanzee and human genomes. Assuming that humans and chimpanzees diverged 6.5 million years ago, (...) estimate that human and Neanderthal DNA diverged between 465,000 and 569,000 years ago, with a best estimate of about 516,000 years ago.

  7. Brain, Behavior May Have Changed As Social Insect Colonies Evolved, ScienceDaily Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpt: A new study suggests that brain and behavior relationships may have changed in a profound way as larger, more complex insect societies evolved from smaller, simpler ones. Researchers (...) found that a key region in the brains of a primitively social paper wasp is better developed in dominant females than in subordinate ones. (...) "We found the opposite pattern with a primitively social wasp. Here, the stay-at-home dominant females had better brain development. In this species, direct dominance interactions among the females dictate task performance. Dominance and social interactions were more important than foraging tasks in explaining brain development."
    1. Romantic Love: A Mammalian Brain System For Mate Choice, Phil. Tran. Biol. Sc. Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Mammals and birds regularly express mate preferences and make mate choices. Data on mate choice among mammals suggest that this behavioural 'attraction system' is associated with dopaminergic reward pathways in the brain. It has been proposed that intense romantic love, a human cross-cultural universal, is a developed form of this attraction system. To begin to determine the neural mechanisms associated with romantic attraction in humans, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study 17 people who were intensely 'in love'. (...)
  8. Cell Biology: Brief Encounters Bolster Contacts, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Molecules often work together in complexes to carry out their functions in the cell. But how do they get together in such a dynamic environment? A structural study follows proteins as they meet their partners.

    Living cells, particularly during growth and proliferation, need regulatory processes of great sensitivity and high specificity. To achieve this, signal-to-noise ratios must be high when information is received and transmitted between the cell surface, the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Just like electrical and engineering control systems, living cells have complex signalling pathways that are moderated by feedback mechanisms.

  9. The Plant Immune System, Nature Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Many plant-associated microbes are pathogens that impair plant growth and reproduction. Plants respond to infection using a two-branched innate immune system. The first branch recognizes and responds to molecules common to many classes of microbes, including non-pathogens. The second responds to pathogen virulence factors, either directly or through their effects on host targets. These plant immune systems, and the pathogen molecules to which they respond, provide extraordinary insights into molecular recognition, cell biology and evolution across biological kingdoms. A detailed understanding of plant immune function will underpin crop improvement for food, fibre and biofuels
    • Source: The Plant Immune System, Jonathan D. G. Jones, Jeffery L. Dangl, DOI: 10.1038/nature05286, Nature 444, 323-329, 06/11/16
  10. Electronic Nuisance Changes Its Ways, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: The good guys are electrons, packets of electrical charge that devices such as diodes and transistors start, stop, and steer to orchestrate a dance of 1's and 0's. The bad guys: vibrations called phonons that splay heat every which way and can ultimately wreak havoc on a computer chip. But now researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, may turn some unruly phonons into allies. (...)

    More than 50 years ago, German-born British theoretical physicist Rudolf Peierls suggested that string-shaped one-dimensional (1D) systems could also channel heat-generating phonons in unusual ways.


    1. Solid-State Thermal Rectifier, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: We demonstrated nanoscale solid-state thermal rectification. High-thermal-conductivity carbon and boron nitride nanotubes were mass-loaded externally and inhomogeneously with heavy molecules. The resulting nanoscale system yields asymmetric axial thermal conductance with greater heat flow in the direction of decreasing mass density. The effect cannot be explained by ordinary perturbative wave theories, and instead we suggest that solitons may be responsible for the phenomenon. Considering the important role of electrical rectifiers (diodes) in electronics, thermal rectifiers have substantial implications for diverse thermal management problems, ranging from nanoscale calorimeters to microelectronic processors to macroscopic refrigerators and energy-saving buildings.
  11. City Approves 'Carbon Tax' in Effort to Reduce Gas Emissions, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Voters in this liberal college town have approved what environmentalists say may be the nation's first ˇ§carbon tax,ˇ¨ intended to reduce emissions of heat-trapping gases.

    The tax, to take effect on April 1, will be based on the number of kilowatt-hours used. Officials say it will add $16 a year to an average homeowner's electricity bill and $46 for businesses.

    City officials said the revenue from the tax ˇX an estimated $6.7 million by 2012, when the goal is to have reduced carbon emissions by 350,000 metric tons ˇX would be collected by the main gas and electric utility, Xcel Energy, and funneled through the city's Office of Environmental Affairs .

    1. False Alarm: Atlantic Conveyor Belt Hasn't Slowed Down After All, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: A closer look at the Atlantic Ocean's currents has confirmed what many oceanographers suspected all along: There's no sign that the ocean's heat-laden "conveyor" is slowing. The lag reported late last year was a mere flicker in a system prone to natural slowdowns and speedups. Furthermore, researchers are finding that even if global warming were slowing the conveyor and reducing the supply of warmth to high latitudes, it would be decades before the change would be noticeable above the noise.
  12. Dashing Rogues - Freak Ocean Waves Pose Threat To Ships, Deep-Sea Oil Platforms, Science News Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts:
    WALL OF WATER. Rogue waves, such as this 20-meter-tall monster encountered in 1986 by the SS Spray in the Atlantic's Gulf Stream, can appear even in calm seas. NOAA
    A wave typically achieves rogue status not by growing to a certain minimum size but by exceeding the surrounding waves by a certain proportion. The basis for comparison is an oceanographic parameter called significant wave height, which researchers typically calculate by taking the average of the tallest one-third of the waves in a particular patch of ocean. Many scientists define a wave as a rogue if it's 2.2 times as tall as the significant wave height.
  13. Scientists Examine 'Dark Energy' of Antigravity, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: A strange thing happened to the universe five billion years ago. As if God had turned on an antigravity machine, the expansion of the cosmos speeded up, and galaxies began moving away from one another at an ever faster pace.

    Now a group of astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope have discovered that billions of years before this mysterious antigravity overcame cosmic gravity and sent the galaxies scooting apart like muscle cars departing a tollbooth, it was already present in space, affecting the evolution of the cosmos.

  14. What Will Wii Controller Unlock?, Wired Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Want final proof that controllers define gameplay? Consider that the loopiest new games in recent years have generally required specialized input devices because they wouldn't have been possible using regular gamepads. I'm thinking of the drums of Donkey Kong Bongos, the dance pads of Dance Dance Revolution and the ultracool controller for Guitar Hero.

    So what new heights will the Wii push us to? It's hard to say, because nobody has yet begun climbing.(...)

  15. Brilliant Minds on the Next 50 Years: Instant Expert, New Scientist Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts:
    Alexander Vilenkin forecasts the future Cosmic strings, relics of the hot, high-energy early universe, might well be discovered, allowing us to directly test superstring theory
    What will be the biggest breakthrough of the next 50 years? As part of our 50th anniversary celebrations we asked over 70 of the world's most brilliant scientists for their ideas.

    Life: Ageing, alien life, consciousness, ecology, embryology, environment, evolution, genetics, health, humans, language, neuroscience, oceans, psychology, sex and social science.

    Space and technology: Artificial intelligence, communications, computing, cosmology, space and technology.

    Physical sciences: Chemistry, energy, materials, maths and physics.

    1. Thinking Machines - Danny Hillis Talks About The Real-World Challenges Of Creating Artificially Intelligent Machines, Technology Review Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: TR: Why is creating an artificial intelligence so difficult?

      Hillis: We look to our own minds and watch our patterns of conscious thought, reasoning, planning, and making analogies, and we think, "That's thinking." Actually, it's just the tip of a very deep iceberg. When early AI researchers began, they assumed that hard problems were things like playing chess and passing calculus exams. That stuff turned out to be easy. But the types of thinking that seemed effortless, like recognizing a face or noticing what is important in a story, turned out to be very, very hard.

  16. Unstoppable Bot: Armed With Self-Scrutiny, A Mangled Robot Moves On, Science News Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts:
    I FEEL PRETTY. In this fanciful image, a newly developed robot stands over water in which the machine is mirrored as a colorful block figure. By conjuring and using such a simple model of itself, the device can adapt to damage more readily than ordinary robots do. Bongard, et al./Science
    Severe maulings hardly slowed down the robotic assassins in the Terminator science fiction movies. Now, roboticists have made a real machine that carries on despite serious damage.

    The crucial factor in that feat, the robot's developers say, was to program the device's computer to create and update a representation of the machine's physical structure. That way, when the robot broke, the device recognized its changed condition and found new ways to reach its goals.

  17. Resilient Machines Through Continuous Self-Modeling, Science Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Animals sustain the ability to operate after injury by creating qualitatively different compensatory behaviors. Although such robustness would be desirable in engineered systems, most machines fail in the face of unexpected damage. We describe a robot that can recover from such change autonomously, through continuous self-modeling. A four-legged machine uses actuation-sensation relationships to indirectly infer its own structure, and it then uses this self-model to generate forward locomotion. When a leg part is removed, it adapts the self-models, leading to the generation of alternative gaits.
  18. Generator Men Let Baghdad See the Light, but at a Price, Washington Post Next Article Bookmark and Share

    Excerpts: Maki, one of Shelal's customers, pays 13,000 Iraqi dinars, slightly less than $9, for every ampere of electricity, up from 9,000 dinars two months ago because of the rising cost of fuel to power the generator. "There is no other option. Even if it became 20,000, I would pay," said Maki. "If the generator men weren't here, we would die out of sorrow."

    (...) "The generator men are now the most powerful people, but they are not the most hated. The government is the most hated in Baghdad."

    1. Perfect Killing Method, but Clear Targets Are Few, NY Times Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpts: Sniping is proving a less successful method in counterinsurgency in Iraq than had been hoped.

      In 2003, one Marine sniper killed 32 combatants in 12 days, the snipers say, and many others had double-digit kill totals during tours in Iraq. By this summer, sniper platoons with several teams had typically been killing about a dozen insurgents in seven-month tours, with totals per platoon ranging from 3 to as high as 26. (...)

  19. Complex Challenges: Global Terrorist Networks Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Topological Vulnerability of the European Power Grid under Errors and Attacks, SFI Working Papers Next Article Bookmark and Share

      Excerpt: We present an analysis of the topological structure and static tolerance to errors and attacks of the September 2005 actualization of the Union for the Coordination of Transport of Electricity (UCTE) power grid, involving thirty-three different networks. Though every power grid studied has exponential degree distribution and most of them lack typical small-world topology, they display patterns of reaction to node loss similar to those observed in scale-free networks. (...)
  20. Links & Snippets Next Article Bookmark and Share

    1. Other Publications Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. Emergence of Protocellular Growth Law, Tristan Rocheleau, Steen Rasmussen, Peter E. Nielsen, Martin N. Jacobi, Hans Ziock, SFI Working Papers, DOI: SFI-WP 06-11-044
      2. Infinite Correlation in Measured Quantum Processes, Karoline Wiesner, James P. Crutchfield, SFI Working Papers, DOI: SFI-WP 06-11-043
      3. Doi-Peliti Methods for Non-commuting Observables, D. Eric Smith, SFI Working Papers, DOI: SFI-WP 06-11-040
      4. K-Scaffold Subgraphs of Complex Networks, Bernat Corominas-Murtra, Sergi Valverde, Carlos Rodriguez-Caso, Ricard V. Solé, SFI Working Papers, DOI: SFI-WP 06-11-039
      5. Fluid Dynamics: Spinning Discs In The Lab, Steven A. Balbus, 06/11/16, Nature 444, 281-283. What causes gas to be drawn in towards black holes, rather than remain in a stable orbit as planets do around the Sun? A laboratory result indicates that something more than just hydrodynamics must be at work., DOI: 10.1038/444281a
      6. Materials: Carbon Nanotubes In An Ancient Damascus Sabre, M. Reibold, P. Paufler, A. A. Levin, W. Kochmann, N. P?tzke, D. C. Meyer, 06/11/16, Nature 444, 286, DOI: 10.1038/444286a
      7. Rapid Temporal Reversal in Predator-Driven Natural Selection, Jonathan B. Losos, Thomas W. Schoener, R. Brian Langerhans, David A. Spiller, 06/11/17, Science : 1111. As island lizards shift from ground to trees to escape predators, the selective pressure favors longer legs instead of the shorter legs favored on the ground.
      8. The Impact of Boreal Forest Fire on Climate Warming, J. T. Randerson, H. Liu, M. G. Flanner, S. D. Chambers, Y. Jin, P. G. Hess, G. Pfister, M. C. Mack, K. K. Treseder, L. R. Welp, F. S. Chapin, J. W. Harden, M. L. Goulden, E. Lyons, J. C. Neff, E. A. G. Schuur, C. S. Zender, 06/11/17, Science : 1130-1132. Boreal forest fires add to warming initially, as greenhouse gases are released, but the increased exposure of snow in burned areas produces a delayed reflection that induces cooling.
      9. Mammalian Social Odours: Attraction And Individual Recognition, P. A. Brennan, K. M. Kendrick, 2006/11/08, Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2006.1931
      10. Boffins Plug In Neural Networking Nanotubes: Interface Created Between Biology And Electronics, R. Jaques, 2006/11/13, vnunet.com
      11. Asia's Poor Consider Web Access Options: Developing Nations May Prefer To Go Online With Mobiles Or Wireless, S. Burns, 2006/11/15, vnunet.com
      12. Five-step Check for Nano Safety, 2006/11/16, BBC News
      13. Math Model May Aid Study Of Collagen Ailments: Tensile Loading Reveals Nature's Economy, 2006/11/16, Innovations-report
      14. Oversimplified Doomsday Prophecy, 2006/11/16, Innovations-report
      15. Having Few Friends Increases Risk Of Disturbed Sleep, 2006/11/17, Innovations-report
      16. Unraveling Where Chimp And Human Brains Diverge, 2006/11/17, ScienceDaily & University of California - Los Angeles
      17. Depression, Not Antidepressants, Increases Mortality Risks In Heart Failure, 2006/11/17, ScienceDaily & Duke University Medical Center
      18. Complex Dynamical Behaviors In Discrete-Time Recurrent Neural Networks With Asymmetric Connection Matrix, Z. Zhou, J. Wang, Z. Jing - jingzjamath.ac.cn, R. Wang, Aug. 2006, International Journal Of Bifurcation And Chaos, DOI: 10.1142/S0218127406016021
      19. Is Innovation The Story Of Taiwan's Economic Growth?, C.-H. Yang - chyangamgt.ncu.edu.tw, Nov. 2006, online 2006/09/18, Journal of Asian Economics, DOI: 10.1016/j.asieco.2006.08.007
      20. China And India: Income Inequality And Poverty North And South Of The Himalayas, V. K. Borooah, S. Li - lishi89a263.net, Nov. 2006, online 2006/09/18, Journal of Asian Economics, DOI: 10.1016/j.asieco.2006.08.001
    2. Webcast Announcements Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. TED Talks, TED Conferences LLC , since 2006
      2. Talking Robots: The PodCast on Robotics and AI, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland, 06/11/03
      3. Potentials of Complexity Science for Business, Governments, and the Media 2006, Budapest, Hungary, 06/08/03-05
      4. 6th Intl Conf on Complex Systems (ICCS), Boston, MA, 06/06/25-30
      5. Artificial Life X, 10th Intl Conf on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems, Bloomington, IN, USA. 2006/06/03-07
      6. 6th Understanding Complex Systems Symposium, Urbana-Champaign, Il, 06/05/15-18
      7. Ralph Abraham on Complexity Digest, , Calcutta, India, 05/12/27
      8. An Afternoon with Michael Crichton, Washington, 05/11/06
      9. Illuminating the Shadow of the Future, Ann Arbor, Mi 05/09/23-25
      10. Open Network of Centres of Excellence in Complex Systems - Brainstorming Meeting, Paris, France 05/09/19-23
      11. Complexity, Science & Society Conference 2005, U. Liverpool, UK 2005/09/11-14
      12. ECAL 2005 - VIIIth European Conference on Artificial Life, Canterbury, Kent, UK 2005/09/5-9
      13. T. Irene Sanders, Executive Director and Founder, The Washington Center for Complexity & Public Policy, 05/08/27, QuickTime video (10:38 min), Podcast
      14. North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity 2005 Conference, Virtual Conference Network, St. Pete's Beach, Florida, 05/06/09-11
      15. Understanding Complex Systems - Computational Complexity and Bioinformatics, Virtual Conference Network, Urbana-Champaign, Il, UIUC, 05/05/16-19
      16. Nonlinearity, Fluctuations, and Complexity, with a celebration of the 65th birthday of Gregoire Nicolis. , Complexity Session, Universite' Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, 05/03/16
      17. World Economic Forum , Davos, Switzerland, 05/01/26-30
      18. 1st European Conference on Complex Systems, Torino, Italy, 04/12/5-7
      19. From Autopoiesis to Neurophenomenology: A Tribute to Francisco Varela (1946-2001), Paris, France, 2004/06/18-20
      20. Evolutionary Epistemology, Language, and Culture, Brussels, Belgium, 04/05/26-28
      21. International Conference on Complex Systems 2004, Boston, 04/05/16-21
      22. Nonlinear Dynamics And Chaos: Lab Demonstrations, Strogatz, Steven H., Internet-First University Press, 1994
      23. CERN Webcast Service, Streamed videos of Archived Lectures and Live Events
      24. Dean LeBaron's Archive of Daily Video Commentary, Ongoing Since February 1998
      25. Edge Videos

    3. Conference Announcements Next Article Bookmark and Share

      1. UN Bioethics Panel Cognitive Liberty in an Age of Neurotechnology, New York, 06/12/01
      2. Self-Organization And Morphogenesis In Biological Systems , Schloss Ringberg, Germany. 06/12/03-06
      3. Japan Mathematica Conference 2006, Tokyo, Japan, 06/12/12
      4. 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM Intl Workshop on Interaction between Agents and Data Mining (IADM-06), Hongkong, China, 06/12/18
      5. NECSI Winter School 2007, Cambridge, MA, 07/01/08-19
      6. Logic, Computability and Randomness 2007 , Buenos Aires, Argentina, 07/01/10-13
      7. The Atlas of Ideas, London, United Kingdom, 07/01/17-18
      8. Managing Complex Organizations in a Complex World, Cambridge, MA, 07/01/25-26
      9. 2007 Complexity and Educational Research Conference, Vancouver, BC, 07/02/18-20
      10. 3rd International Workshop on Complexity and Philisophy, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 07/02/22-23
      11. Unconventional Computation: Quo Vadis?, Santa Fe, NM, 07/03/20-23
      12. Complex Social Systems Course at the London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom, 07/03/20-28
      13. 4th Lake Arrowhead Conference on Human Complex Systems, Lake Arrowhead, CA, 07/04/25-29
      14. Intl Conf on Morphological Computation, Venice Italy, 07/03/26-28
      15. Complexity and Organizational Resilience The Village, Pohnpei, Micronesia, 07/05
      16. 2nd Intl Conf on Built Environment Complexity - Embracing complexity thinking in built environments, Cape Town South Africa, 07/05/21-25
      17. ECO 2007 Summit: Ecological Complexity and Sustainability: Challenges and Opportunities for 21st-Century Ecology, Beijing, China, 07/05/22-27
      18. 2007 IEEE/ICME Intl Conf on Complex Medical Engineering-CME2007, Beijing, China, 07/05/23-27
      19. The 7th Intl Workshop on Meta-Synthesis and Complex Systems, Beijing, 07/05/27-30
      20. 7th conf SYMMETRY IN NONLINEAR MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS, Kiev, Ukraine, 07/06/24-30
      21. Summer School In Complexity Science, London, UK, 07/07/08-17
      22. ECAL 2oo7 - 9th European Conference on Artificial Life , Lisbon, Portugal, 07/09/10-14
      23. European Conference on Complex Systems 2007 (ECCS'07) , Dresden, Germany, 07/10/01-05

    4. Call for Papers - Course/Book Announcements Bookmark and Share

      1. The publishing consortium of The European Physical Journal (EPJ), and the Editors-in-Chief are pleased to announce that The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems - has substantially extended its existing publishing activities in the fields of Statistical Physics and Nonlinear Dynamics to encompass all aspects of the emerging field of Complex Systems.
      2. Call for Submissions: The Journal of Developmental Processes will publish its first issue in fall 2006. , The JDP recognizes that complex developmental processes characterize the growth of living organisms. In humans, this complexity is highly elaborated, so that developmental change is affected by many interrelated factors of the body, the mind, family, society and the environment. New discoveries continually add to our understanding of these processes and demonstrate the inadequacy of reductionist approaches.
      3. Call for Papers: Special Issue of the Artificial Life journal on the Evolution of Complexity,
      4. Digital Graphics for Quantitative Finance, Lineplot Productions, 2006

        Why create movies of financial models? Because key stakeholders often don't understand them. The mathematical, data-intensive sphere of quantitative financial analysis can be a black box even for many in the industry. It is vital for users of this analysis to appreciate, understand and buy into, often literally, these difficult and important concepts.

      5. Life: An Introduction to Complex Systems Biology, Kunihiko Kaneko, Springer Series: Understanding Complex Systems, 2006

        What is life? Has molecular biology given us a satisfactory answer to this question? And if not, why, and how to carry on from there? This book examines life not from the reductionist point of view, but rather asks the question: what are the universal properties of living systems and how can one construct from there a phenomenological theory of life that leads naturally to complex processes such as reproductive cellular systems, evolution and differentiation? The presentation has been deliberately kept fairly non-technical so as to address a broad spectrum of students and researchers from the natural sciences and informatics.

      6. Chaos and Complexity Resources for Students and Teachers, 06/03/01

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