01124nas a2200157   4500008004100000245002800041210002800069490001300097520073900110653001100849653002200860653001200882653001400894100002300908856003500931       2013                        eng d00aLiving in Living Cities0 aLiving in Living Cities0 vIn Press3 a<p>This paper presents and overview of current and potential applications of living technology to urban problems. Living technology can be described as technology that exhibits the core features of living systems. These features can be useful to solve dynamic problems. In particular, urban problems concerning mobility, logistics, telecommunications, governance, safety, sustainability, and society and culture are presented, while solutions involving living technology are reviewed. A methodology for developing living technology is mentioned, while self-organizing traffic lights are used as a case study of the benefits of urban living technology. Finally, the usefulness of describing cities as living systems is discussed.</p>
10acities10aSelf-organization10atraffic10atransport1 aGershenson, Carlos  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1111.365902379nas a2200181   4500008004100000245013300041210006900174260003900243300001400282490001400296520175600310100001902066700002302085700001802108700001602126700002002142856003502162       2012                        eng d00aLearning, Social Intelligence and the {Turing} Test - why an ``out-of-the-box" {Turing} Machine will not pass the {Turing} Test.0 aLearning Social Intelligence and the Turing Test why an outofthe  aBerlin HeidelbergbSpringer-Verlag  a182–1920 v7318/20123 aThe Turing Test (TT) checks for human intelligence, rather than any putative general intelligence. It involves repeated interaction requiring learning in the form of adaption to the human conversation partner. It is a macro-level post-hoc test in contrast to the definition of a Turing Machine (TM), which is a prior micro-level definition. This raises the question of whether learning is just another computational process, i.e. can be implemented as a TM. Here we argue that learning or adaption is fundamentally different from computation, though it does involve processes that can be seen as computations. To illustrate this difference we compare (a) designing a TM and (b) learning a TM, defining them for the purpose of the argument. We show that there is a well-defined sequence of problems which are not effectively designable but are learnable, in the form of the bounded halting problem. Some characteristics of human intelligence are reviewed including it's: interactive nature, learning abilities, imitative tendencies, linguistic ability and context-dependency. A story that explains some of these is the Social Intelligence Hypothesis. If this is broadly correct, this points to the necessity of a considerable period of acculturation (social learning in context) if an artificial intelligence is to pass the TT. Whilst it is always possible to 'compile' the results of learning into a TM, this would not be a designed TM and would not be able to continually adapt (pass future TTs). We conclude three things, namely that: a purely "designed" TM will never pass the TT; that there is no such thing as a general intelligence since it necessary involves learning; and that learning/adaption and computation should be clearly distinguished.1 aEdmonds, Bruce1 aGershenson, Carlos1 aCooper, Barry1 aDawar, Anuj1 aLöwe, Benedikt  uhttp://arxiv.org/abs/1203.337600995nas a2200121   4500008004100000245006700041210006600108260002000174300001400194520061200208100002300820856003000843       1998                        eng d00aLógica Multidimensional: Un Modelo de Lógica Paraconsistente0 aLógica Multidimensional Un Modelo de Lógica Paraconsistente  aXalapa, México  a132–1413 aLa lógica multidimensional es un nuevo sistema de lógica propuesto para modelar lógica paraconsistente. Una breve definición de lógica paraconsistente y ejemplos de cuando es usada son dados. Se definen los principios y propiedades de la lógica multidimensional, tales como las variables lógicas multidimensionales. Los operadores lógicos Y, O, NO, SI... ENTONCES y SI Y SÓLO SI son definidos y explicados para la lógica multidimensional. Además, se definen equivalencia, grado de contradicción, y la proyección de la lógica multidimensional en la difusa. Esto incluye un pequeño programa que1 aGershenson, Carlos  uhttp://tinyurl.com/y9hb4e