TY - JOUR T1 - Guiding the Self-Organization of Cyber-Physical Systems JF - Frontiers in Robotics and AI Y1 - 2020 A1 - Gershenson, Carlos AB - Self-organization offers a promising approach for designing adaptive systems. Given the inherent complexity of most cyber-physical systems, adaptivity is desired, as predictability is limited. Here I summarize different concepts and approaches that can facilitate self-organization in cyber-physical systems, and thus be exploited for design. Then I mention real-world examples of systems where self-organization has managed to provide solutions that outperform classical approaches, in particular related to urban mobility. Finally, I identify when a centralized, distributed, or self-organizing control is more appropriate. VL - 7 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/frobt.2020.00041 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Generic temporal features of performance rankings in sports and games JF - EPJ Data Science Y1 - 2016 A1 - Morales, José A. A1 - Sánchez, Sergio A1 - Flores, Jorge A1 - Pineda, Carlos A1 - Gershenson, Carlos A1 - Cocho, Germinal A1 - Zizumbo, Jerónimo A1 - Rodríguez, Rosalío F. A1 - Iñiguez, Gerardo AB - Many complex phenomena, from trait selection in biological systems to hierarchy formation in social and economic entities, show signs of competition and heterogeneous performance in the temporal evolution of their components, which may eventually lead to stratified structures such as the worldwide wealth distribution. However, it is still unclear whether the road to hierarchical complexity is determined by the particularities of each phenomena, or if there are generic mechanisms of stratification common to many systems. Human sports and games, with their (varied but simple) rules of competition and measures of performance, serve as an ideal test-bed to look for universal features of hierarchy formation. With this goal in mind, we analyse here the behaviour of performance rankings over time of players and teams for several sports and games, and find statistical regularities in the dynamics of ranks. Specifically the rank diversity, a measure of the number of elements occupying a given rank over a length of time, has the same functional form in sports and games as in languages, another system where competition is determined by the use or disuse of grammatical structures. We use a Gaussian random walk model to reproduce the rank diversity of the studied sports and games. We also discuss the relation between rank diversity and the cumulative rank distribution. Our results support the notion that hierarchical phenomena may be driven by the same underlying mechanisms of rank formation, regardless of the nature of their components. Moreover, such regularities can in principle be used to predict lifetimes of rank occupancy, thus increasing our ability to forecast stratification in the presence of competition. VL - 5 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-016-0096-y ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Guiding the Self-organization of Random Boolean Networks JF - Theory in Biosciences Y1 - 2012 A1 - Carlos Gershenson AB - Random Boolean networks (RBNs) are models of genetic regulatory networks. It is useful to describe RBNs as self-organizing systems to study how changes in the nodes and connections affect the global network dynamics. This article reviews eight different methods for guiding the self-organization of RBNs. In particular, the article is focussed on guiding RBNs towards the critical dynamical regime, which is near the phase transition between the ordered and dynamical phases. The properties and advantages of the critical regime for life, computation, adaptability, evolvability, and robustness are reviewed. The guidance methods of RBNs can be used for engineering systems with the features of the critical regime, as well as for studying how natural selection evolved living systems, which are also critical. VL - 131 UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/1005.5733 ER - TY - ABST T1 - A General Methodology for Designing Self-Organizing Systems Y1 - 2006 A1 - Carlos Gershenson PB - ECCO UR - http://uk.arxiv.org/abs/nlin.AO/0505009 ER -